A&P.ch26.urinary
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| urinary system | primarily kidneys;although skin, liver, lungs & intestines eliminate some waste products
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| functions of urinary system (6) | excretion 2. regulation of blood volume & pressure 3. regulation of concentration of solutes in the blood 4. regulation of pH of extracellular fluid 5. regulation of red blood cell synthesis 6. vitamin D synthesis
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| excretion | kidneys filter blood & then excrete urine
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| regulation of blood volume & pressure | kidneys controll extracellular fluid volume in the body by producing weak or concentrated urine
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| regulation of concentration of solutes in the blood | kidneys help regulate concentration of major ions such as Na+, CL-, K+, Ca2+, HCO-3 & HPO4-2
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| regulation of pH of extracellular fluid | kidneys secrete variable amounts of H+ to help regulate the extracellular fluid pH
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| regulation of red blood cell synthesis | kidneys secrete a hormone, erythropoietin, which regulates the synthesis of red blood cells in bone marrow
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| Vitamin D synthesis | kidneys control level of Ca2+ by regulating the synthesis of Vitamin D
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| renal capsule | layer of fibrous connective tissue, surrounds each kidney
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| perirenal fat | a dense layer of adipose tissue, engulfs the renal capsule
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| see word document | jjj
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| capsule pressure | Bowman's capsule - fills with fluid - has a pressure of 10 mm Hg
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| blood Colloid Osmotic Pressure (BCOP) | Plasma proteins do NOT go into the lumina of Bowman's capsule; they stay in the blood and produce an osmotic force of 30 mm Hg
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| glomerular nephritis | if proteins do get into the lumen of Bowman's capsule, the osmotic pressure increases; causing nephritis - greater pressure
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