Materials (Key Stage 3)
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| Three ways by which materials can be classified are . . . | melting point, boiling point and density
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| Particles in a solid are . . . | held close together in fixed places by strong forces of attraction. They can only vibrate
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| Particles in a liquid are . . . | free to move around but are still quite close together
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| Particles in a gas are . . . | far apart and moving randomly at high speeds. There are no forces of attraction.
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| When a solid changes to a liquid we say it is . . . | melting
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| When a liquid changes to a solid it . . . | freezes
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| When a liquid changes to a gas it is . . . | evaporating or boiling ( at it boiling point)
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| When a gas changes to a liquid we say it . . . | condenses
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| When a solid changes to a gas without becoming a liquid first we say it . . . | sublimes
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| Pressure in a gas is caused by . . . | gas molecules colliding with the walls of the container
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| When particles of a gas pass through the walls of a container we call this . . . | diffusion (also applies to liquids)
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| Each of the elements in the Periodic Table consists of . . . | atoms
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| A compound is a chemical combination of different . . . | atoms
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| Particles of a compound are not atoms but . . . | molecules
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| Different elements are represented in the Periodic Table by different . . . | symbols
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| The chemical symbol for lead is . . . | Pb (plumbum in Latin)
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| The chemical symbol for sodium is . . . | Na ( natrium in Latin)
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| The chemical symbol for carbon is . . . | C ( carbon in English !)
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| The chemical symbol for hydrogen is . . . | H ( obviously !)
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| The chemical symbol for potassium is . . . | K ( Kalium - check out www.webelements.com )
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| Physical properties of elements differ widely, such as . . . | appearance, state at room temperature, thermal and electrical conductivity and magnetic properties
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| Elements can also be divided into two different classes . . . | metals and non-metals
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| Water is a compound of . . . | hydrogen and oxygen (H2O)
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| Carbon dioxide is agas at room temperature. It is composed of . . . | carbon and oxygen (CO2)
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| When magnesium ribbon burns in air it . . . | emits a bright white light and form magnesium oxide ( a white powder or ash)
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| Common salt is known to chemists as . . . | sodium chloride (NaCl)
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| Most minerals are chemical . . . | compounds with a definite composition
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| A chemical reaction is usually represented by a . . . | formula or word equation
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| When sulphur combines with oxygen it forms a gas called . . . | sulphur dioxide ( this is an irritant to the lungs)
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| When carbon burns in an inadequate supply of air it forms . . . | carbon monoxide ( a poisonous gas)
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| A substance in which constituents are not combined is called a . . . | mixture ( e.g. most rocks)
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| Mixtures can be separated by using . . . | distillation, chromatography or dissolving and evaporating
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| When a physical change takes place . . . | mass is conserved
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| The ability of a substance to dissolve in water is called its . . . | solubility
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| The solubility of a substance varies with . . . | temperature
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| When no more of a substance will dissolve, the solution is . . . | saturated
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| A change of state from solid to liquid requires . . . | energy to be supplied (to break bonds)
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| A change of state from gas to liquid releases . . . | energy as heat (bonds are formed)
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| When water freezes it . . . | expands
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| Ice is less dense than water because . . . | the molecules are further apart in the solid state
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| The effect on rocks of expansion and contraction and freezing of water is called . . . | weathering
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| Rocks which are formed by volcanic activity are called . . . | igneous
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| Rocks which are formed under water are called . . . | sedimentary
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| Rocks which are changed by the effects of pressure and heat are called . . . | metamorphic
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| Molten rock below the surface of the Earth is caled . . . | magma
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| Molten rock which escapes on to the Earth's surface is called . . . | lava
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| When a chemical reaction takes place the mass of the products is equal to . . . | the mass of the reactants
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| Chemical change is often irreversible. For example . . . | the ripening of fruit ( or the setting of superglue)
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| Burning fossil fuels can produce harmful effects on the environment such as . . . | acid rain and pollution ( global warming)
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Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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Created by:
J Thomson
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