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Chapter 9 Vocab S.S.

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Term
Definition
Progressive Movement   an early-20th-century reform movement seeking to return control of the government to the people, to restore economic opportunities, and to correct injustices in American life.  
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Florence Kelley   Advocate for improving lives of women and children.  
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Prohibition   the banning of the manufacture, sale, and possession of alcoholic beverages.  
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Muckraker   one of the magazine journalists who exposed the corrupt side of business and public life in the early 1900s.  
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Scientific Management   the application of scientific principles to increase efficiency in the workplace.  
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Robert M. La Follette   Republican that led the way in big business.  
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Initiative   a procedure by which a legislative measure can be originated by the people rather than by lawmakers.  
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Referendum   a procedure by which a proposed legislative measure can be submitted to a vote of the people.  
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Recall   a procedure for removing a public official from office by a vote of the people.  
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Seventeenth Amendment   an amendment to the U.S. Constitution, adopted in 1903, that provides for the election of U.S. senators by the people rather than by state legislatures.  
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Upton Sinclair   Mucracking journalist, found bad conditions on the meatpacking industry. Wrote "The Jungle"  
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The Jungle   A novel by Upton Sinclair published, in 1906,  
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Theodore Roosevelt   President  
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Square Deal   President Theodore Roosevelt's program of progressive reform's designed to protect the common people against big businesses.  
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Meat Inspection Act   a law, enacted in 1906, that established strict cleanliness requirements for meatpackers and created a federal meat-inspection program.  
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Pure Food and Drug Act   a law enacted in 1906 to halt the sale of contaminated foods and drugs and to ensure truth in labeling.  
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Conservation   the planned management of natural resources, involving the protection of some wilderness areas and the development of others for the common good.  
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NAACP   the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People- an organization founded in 1909 to promote full racial equality.  
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Gifford Pinchot   head of the U.S. Forest Service.  
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William Howard Taft   Secretary of war  
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Payne-Aldrich Tariff   a set of tax regulations, enacted by Congress in 1909, that failed to significantly reduce tariffs on manufactured goods.  
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Bull Moose Party   a name given to the Progressive Party, formed to support Theodore Roosevelt's candidacy for the presidency in 1912.  
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Woodrow Wilson   New Jersey Governor  
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Carrie Chapman Catt   NAWSAs president  
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Clayton Antitrust Act   a law, enacted in 1914, that made certain monopolistic business practices illegal and protected the rights of labor unions and farm organizations.  
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Federal Trade Commission (FTC)   federal agency est. in 1914 to investigate and stop unfair business practices.  
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Federal Reserve System   National banking system, est, in 1913 that controls U.S. money supply and credit availability in the country.  
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Nineteenth Amendment   an amendment to the U.S. Constitution in 1920 that gives women the right to vote.  
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