Nutrition Review
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| metabolic disorder | A condition characterized by the body’s inability to synthesize or process food into forms the body can use for energy, growth, and development
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| hiatus hernia | A condition in which the upper part of the stomach, which is joined to the esophagus or feeding tube, moves up into the chest through a hole in the diaphragm
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| Bard button | A feeding device placed permanently in the stomach to facilitate supplemental feedings
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| gastrostomy tube (G-tube) | A feeding tube inserted though an incision in the abdomen into the stomach
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| percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube (PEG tube) | A feeding tube inserted via endoscopy into the stomach or jejunum
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| jejunostomy tube (J-tube) | A feeding tube placed through the abdominal wall into the small bowel
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| nasogastric tube (N-G tube, Levine tube) | A feeding tube put through the nose into the stomach
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| fluid retention | An accumulation of fluid in body tissues or body cavities
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| dysphagia | Difficulty swallowing
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| enteral feed | Feeding by tube directly into the gastrointestinal system
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| gastric suction | Gentle suction applied to a tube placed in the stomach to remove excessive secretions (saliva and gastric juices) that tend to accumulate in the stomach after surgery/trauma because the intestine is sluggish, this can prevent/relieve nausea and vomiting
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| metabolic rate | The amount of energy expended in a given period, or the physical changes that occur in the body that result in heat production. Also, determined by gender, environment, lifestyle and genetics
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| bowel sounds present (BSP) | The audible return of gastrointestinal movement or function, also called peristalsis; often charted as BS x 4, meaning it sounds audible in all four abdominal quadrants
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| metabolism | The physiological and biochemical processes that promote growth and sustain life
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| cardiac diet | with or have pre-existing heart disease - low in fat and cholesterol and may restrict sodium and calories
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| diabetic diet | inability to properly use glucose - individually prepared, number of calories, fats, carbohydrates and proteins
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| gluten-free diet | celiac disease - complete elimination of gluten
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| high-calorie diet | excessive weight loss from illness or can't maintain a healthy weight - butter, cream, fried foods
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| high-protein diet | need to gain weight, recovering from surgery - meat, fish,milk, eggs, legumes and nuts
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| no added salt/Na restricted diet | fluid retention or congestive heart failure - no processed cheeses, cured or smoked meats, sport drinks or chemically prepared products
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| progressive diet | after major surgery or illness of the gastrointestinal tract - introduce as pt. can tolerate from sips, clear fluid, full fluid, soft to regular diet
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| pureed diet | cannot chew or dysphagia - all foods ground to a soft, silky texture
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| Why would a TPN feed be ordered? | severely malnourished, coma, anorexia, before or after major surgery, radiation or chemotherapy, severe burns or multiple fractures
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| What does NPO mean? When would you post an NPO sign? | nothing by mouth, post before tests or surgery
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| activity | more activity = more calories. Inactive = fewer calories.
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| age | 2yrs to adolescence need more calories, older adults need less calories.
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| gender | men need more than women, hormones play a role
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| genetics | our predetermined body structure affects our basal metabolic rate and so does thyroid gland function
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| illness | need extra calories and sometimes extra protein to promote tissue repair and recovery
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| pregnancy | must adjust their calorie intake with diet high in protein and appropriate calories, esp. breast feeding
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| How many grain products should an adult eat in a day? | 6-8
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| How many food groups are there? | 4
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| What is the “other” food group? | oils and fats
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| BRAT | banana, rice, applesauce, toast
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| BSP | bowel sounds present
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| CDA | Canadian Diabetes Association
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| CF | clear fluids
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| CF-DAT | start with clear fluids and progress to diet as tolerated
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| DAT | diet as tolerated (regular diet)
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| dc, d/c | discontinue
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| DD | diabetic diet
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| EF | enteral feeds
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| FF | full fluids
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| FF-DAT | start with full fluids and progress to diet as tolerated
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| Fr. | French
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| GF | gluten-free diet
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| G-TUBE | gastrostomy tube
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| HF | high fibre
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| HP | high protein
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| LR | low residue
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| MN | minced
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| NAS | no added salt
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| N-G TUBE | nasogastric tube
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| NPO | nothing by mouth
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| PAR | Parenteral feeds
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| PE | puree
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| REG | regular diet
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| SS | surgical soft
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| T & A | tonsillectomy & adenoidectomy diet
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Created by:
Barbara Ross
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