| Question |
 |
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| Answer |
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| ___________ is a fluid's resistance to flow(how difficult it is for fluid to flow) |
Viscosity |
| If a fluid is thick, the viscosity is: |
greater, flows slower |
| The ____________ is the speed at which a liquid flows |
flow rate |
| when _________ the particles in a substance move further apart |
heated |
| when gasses are heated the viscosity of the gas _________ |
increases |
| when liquids are heated, the viscosity of the liquid _______ |
decreases |
| _____________ is the property of fluids that makes the particles hold together because they are attracted to each other |
cohesion |
| _____________ is the effect that the particles at the surface attract each other and form a "skin" |
surface tension |
| ___________ is the attraction between particles of a fluid and another substance so that the fluid clings to it |
adhesion |
| in a gas or a liquid, the deeper you go, the ______ the pressure is |
greater |
| in a gas or a liquid, the deeper you go, the greater the pressure is because |
there is more air or liquid above the point pushing down |
| because of all the air in the atmosphere, the pressure at sea level is a little more than: |
100kPa |
| 100kPa is called: |
one atmosphere |
| the ____________ you go in a gas or a liquid, the less pressure there is |
higher |
| for every 10m deeper in water, the pressure increases by: |
1 atmosphere |
| ________ is the tendency for objects to rise or float in a fluid |
buoyancy |
| buoyancy occurs because: |
differences in density of the object and the fluid |
| ______________ is the force of the fluid pushing up on the object |
buoyant force |
| hot air rises because of buoyant force on the hotter air. this process is called: |
convection |
| ovjects float or sink based on: |
whether the buoyant force is greater or less than the gravitational force |
| when pressure is applied at one point in a fluid in an enclosed system, that pressure is transmitted _____ thoughout the entire system. |
qually |
| when pressure is applied at one point in a fluid in an enclosed system, that pressure is transmitted equally thoughout the entire system. called: |
static pressure |
| ________ is the sideways pressure exerted by a fluid in motion |
dynamic pressure |
| as the speed of a fluid increases, the dynamic pressure __________ |
decreases |
| ________________ are systems that use pressure in liquids to do work |
Hydraulic systems |
| (true or false) since liquids aren't normally compressible, applying a force to a liquid transmits the force along the liquid |
True |
| 2 important parts of hydraulic systems are _____ and _____ |
pumps and valves |
| what do pumps do in the hydraulic system? |
put the liquid under pressure |
| what do valves do in the hydraulic system? |
control the passage of the liquid through a pipe |
| Hydraulic systems can also be used to: |
multiply the force exerted by a liquid |
| _____________ are systems that use pressure in gases to do work |
pneumatic systems |
| since gases can be compressed, pneumatic systems use ______ |
compressors |
| the gas is compressed and then when the pressure is released, the expansion of the gas causes: |
a short burst of strong, steady force to do work |
| common problems in pneumatic systems are: |
1. loss of pressure due to leaks in the system 2. reduction of the gas flow due to blockage of the passageway |
| The ________ transports blood throughout the body |
circulatory system |
| the _____ is the pump which moves the blood through the blood vessels |
heart |
| the blood is kept under pressure to move it to all parts of the body. each beat _____ the pressure, and then it falls again before the next beat |
inreases |
| blood pressure is measured with a : |
sphygmomanometer |
| blockages in the vessles cause increased pressure, which can cause them to: |
burst |
| the ______ brings air into the body and removes corbon dioxide from the body |
respiratory system |
| _____ changes the air pressure to make the air move |
breathing |
| when you inhale, the increased space _____ the air pressure inside your lungs, so the higher pressure outside pushes air in |
reduces |
| when you exhale, the _____ and ribs compress the air in your lungs and so it is pushed out of the body |
diaphragm |
| infections and diseases such as asthma _____ the air passages, resulting in difficulty breathing |
narrows |
| when you breathe in: |
the diaphragm moves down and the chest cavity expands |
| when you breathe out: |
the diaphragm moves up and the chest cavity contracts |
mr. charles11
