Stack #176271
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| Risk factor: Diabetes. Services? | Eye, foot exams; urine tests
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| Risk factor: Drug use. Services? | Hep immunizations; HIV, TB tests.
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| Risk factor: Alcoholism. Services? | Pneumococcal, Influenza immunizations; TB test
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| Risk factor: Overweight. Services? | Blood sugar tests for diabetes.
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| Risk factor: Homeless, recent immigrant, inmate. Services? | TB test
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| Risk factor: High-risk sexual behavior. Services? | HIV, hep B, syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia tests.
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| Reportable diseases? | Hep, Hep, Hep, Hooray, the SSSMMART Chick is Gone! Hep A/B/C, HIV, Salmonella, Shigella, Syphilis, Measles, Mumps, AIDS, Rubella, TB, Chickenpox, Gonorrhea
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| Leading causes of death in the US for infants | congenital anomalies, sort gestation/low birth weight, sudden infant death syndrome, maternal complications of pregnancy, respiratory distress syndrome
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| Leading causes of death in the US for ages 1-14 | injuries, cancer, congenital anomalies, homicide, heart dz
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| Leading causes of death in the US for ages 15-24 | injuries, homicide, suicide, cancer, heart disease.
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| Leading causes of death in the US for ages 25-64 | cancer, heart dz, injuries, suicide, stroke.
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| Leading causes of death in the US for ages 65+ | heart dz, cancer, stroke, COPD, PNA, influenza
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| Stress affects | Induce production of free fatty acids, 17-OH corticosteroids, lipids, cholesterol, catecholamines; Affects water absorption, muscular tonicity, gastrocolic reflex, mucosal circulation.
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| Differential diagnosis of sexual dysfunction | Drugs (antihypertensives, neuroleptics, SSRIs, ethanol), Diseases (depression, diabetes), Psychological (performance anxiety)
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| 5 heart block | Lyme dz, salmonella typhi (=typhoid), chagas dz (whipple's), legionella, diphtheria
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| reiter's syndrome | chlamydia, shigella, yersinia, crohns, irrit.bowel dz
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| low complement cryoglob. (bugs) | "I AM HE": influenza, adenovirus, mycoplasma, hep c, EBV . (=5 vasculitides assoc with Subacute Bacterial Endocarditis)
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| drug induced SLE | "HIPPE": hydralazine, isoniazid, procainamide, penicillamine, phenytoin, ethosuximide
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| drugs that blast BM | "ABCV": AZT, benzene, chloramphenicol, vinblastine
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| comma shaped bugs | vibrio, campylobacter, listeria, H. pylori
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| corynebacter | chinese letters
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| giardia lamblia | crescent shaped protozoa
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| TB Rx's | "RESPIre": Pyrazinamide, rifampin, ethambutol, isoniazid, streptomycin
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| 6 low complement associated nephrotic syndromes (vascultides) | Serum sickness, PSGN, SLE, SBE, Cryoglobulinemia, MPGN II (membranoproliferative GN)
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| Induce P450 | "Really Quiet Bats Go Camping": Rifampin, Quinidine, Barbiturate, Alcohol (chronic), Tetracycline, Sulfa drugs, Griseofulvin, Carbamazepine
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| Inhibit P450 | "I'd SMACK Q": INH, Dapsone, Spironolactones, Macrolides, Amiodarone, Cimetidine, Ketoconazole, Quinolones
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| P450 dependant | "WEPTD": Warfarin, Estrogen, Phenytoin, Theophyline, Digoxin
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| Neutrophil deficiency | CGD (chronic granulomatous dz)= NADPH-oxidase deficiency (X linked recesive)
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| Side efects of Statins | Myositis, hepatitis, elevated liver enzymes
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| Painful genital lesions | herpes, chancroid (hemophilus ducreyi), lymphogranuloma inguinale (venereum, chlamydia), granulom inuinale associated with Donovini
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| 4 hormones with disulfide bonds | "PIIG": prolactin, inhibin, insulin, growth hormone
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| Hookworms | "NEATAS": necatur americanis, enterobius vermicularis, anklostoma duodenale, trichuris trichurium, ascaris lumbricoides, strongyloides
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| x-linked enzyme deficiencies | G6PD (=MC), CGD (NADPH oxidase defic.), Pyruvate DH deficiency, Fabry's, Hunter's, Lesh-Nyhan. (are usualy AR)
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| Screen newborns | "Please Check B4 Going Home": PKU, CAH (Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia), Biotidinase defic., Galactosemia, Hypothyroidism
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| Actions of Steroids | "KIIISS": kils Th cels and eosinophils, inhibit macrophage migration, ingibits phospholipase A2, inhibits mast cel degranulation, stabilizes (tighten) endothelium, stimulate cell protein synthesis
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| cause monocytosis | salmonella (typhoid), TB, EBV (MC), listeria, syphilis, CMV
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| Ecoli is the most common cause of ? | "AAASUC": abdominal absces, ascending cholangitis, apendicitis, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, UTI, cholecystitis
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| one dose trx for chlamydia | azithromycin
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| "Big Mama" Anaerobes | Strep Bovis, Clostridium melanogosepticus, Baceroides Fragilis
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| "Big Mama" Trx for anaerobes | clindamycin, metronidazole, cefoxitin
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| low volume state (serum) | low K/Na/Cl, hi pH/BP
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| one dose Trx for gonorhea | "CCCCOG": ceftriaxone, cefixime, cefoxitin, ceprofloxacin, ofloxacin, gatifloxacin
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| Psammoma bodies | "PSaMMoma" =calcified cancers: Papilary CA of thyroid, Serous cystadenoma of ovary, Meningioma, Mesothelioma
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| Urease positive bacteria | "PPUNCH": proteus (struvite stones=90%, swarming motility), pseudomonas, ureaplasma urealyticum, nocardia spp., cryptococus neoformans, helicobacter pylori
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| 4 indications for PUD surgery | "IHOP": intractable pain, hemorage, obstruction (fr scarring), perforation
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| cardiac fibrosis | adriamycin, phen-fen
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| MCC of any ...penia | viral, drugs (ABCV-C: azt, vincblastine, chemo, benzene, chloramphenical)
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| salmonela typhi triad | hi fever, intestinal fire, rose spots (rash)
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| drugs that cause myositis | "RIPS": rifampin, inh, prednisone, statins
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| 7 encapsulated bacteria (gram negative) | "Some Strange Kilrs Have Prety Nice Capsules": salmonela, strep PNA, klebsiela, h. influenza, pseudomonas, neiseria, citrobacter
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| jones criteria (rheumatic fever) | "PECCS": polyarthritis, erythema marginatum, carditis, chorea, Subcutaneous nodules
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| eosinophilia | "CAPAN": neoplasms, alergies/asthma, adison's dz, colagen vasc. dz, parasites
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| risk factor for primary liver ca (hepatoma) | "HAVE CASH BS": hep B/C, aflatoxin, vinyl chloride, EtOH, carbon tetrachloride, anyline dyes, smoking hemochromatosis, benzene, schistosomiasis mansoni
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| 9 live vacines | "MR OR Smal Blistery Yelow Vesicles": Measles, Mumps, Rubela, Oral Polio (Sabin), Rotavirus, Small Pox, BCG Yelow Fever, Varicella
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| IgA Nephropathies | henoch-schonlein purpura, berger's, alport's
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| autoimune hemolytic anemia | "PACS PAD": PTU, alpha-methyldopa, cephalosporins, sulfa, PNC, antimalarial , dapsone
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| autoimune thrombocytopenia | ASA, heparin, quinidine
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| drugs containing sulfa | sulfonamides, sulfonylurea, celbrex-celecoxib =COX2 specific (viox-rofecoxib=COX2 spec has NO sulfa)
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| inhibit dihydrofolate reductase | pyremethamine/sulfadiazine, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxasole
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| MI enzymes | TPI= appears in 2h, peaks in 2 d, gone in 7 d;
CKMB= appears in 6h, peaks in 12 h, gone in 24h;
LDH1=appears in 1d, peaks in 2 d, gone in 3d
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| siver stains | "BC Lawyers Charge Hourly": bartonela henselae (Lymph nodes), candida (yeast), legionela, pneumocystis Carinii, H. pylori
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| drugs that cause pulm fibrosis | "BBAT": bleomycin, busulfan, amiodarone, tocainide
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| macrophage deficiency | chediak-higashi, NADPH-oxidase deficiency
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| Side efect of loops and thiazides | "OHHHH": ototoxic, hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia, hypokalemia, hypovolemia
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| the only 3 pansystolic M's | inc on expir, decr on inspir: MR, VSD; incr on inspir: TR
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| 7 palms and soles rashes | "TRACKSSS": TSS, RMSF (rocky mtn spotted fever), coxsackie A (hand/foot/mouth dz), kawasaki, scarlet fever, syphilis, sSSS(staph scald skin syndrome= exfolitin)
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| every restrictive lung dz and low volume state | tachypnea, low pCO2, low pO2, hi pH
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| 2nd messengers: cAMP, cGMP | 2nd messengers: cAMP=symp., CRH. cGMP=parasymp.
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| 2nd messengers: IP3/DAG | NeuroTransmiter, GHRH, all hypothal. horm. xc CRH, smooth muscle by contraction
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| 2nd messengers: cAlcium/calmodulin | smooth musc. contr by distention
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| 2nd messengers: calcium | gastrin
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| 2nd messengers: tyrosine kinase | insulin, al GF's
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| 2nd messengers: NO | nitrates, viagra, ANP, LPS (endotoxin)
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| T and B cel deficiency | WAS (wiskot Aldrich), SCID, CVID, HIV, HTLV1
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| WAS (wiskot Aldrich) | thrombocytopenia, IL4 infx, eczema, decr IgM (IgE?)
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| SCID | framshift/nonsense mutation, adenosine deaminase defic; T>B; bact. and fungal infxns
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| CVID | late onset, frameshift/misense mutation; tyrosine kinase defic
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| HIV, HTLV1 | T>B, CD4 rich; brain testicles, cervix, blod vesels
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| ETC poisons: | complex I=amytal, rotenone; complex II= malonate ; complex III=antimycin D; complex IV= CN-, CO, chloramphenical; complex V=oligomycin
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| ETC chemical uncouplers | dnp, free fatty acids, aspirin (a physical uncoupler)
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| 4 sources of acid (Renal) | plasma, urea cycle, collecting ducts, gutaminase
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| ETC poisons:complex I= | amytal, rotenone;
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| ETC poisons:complex II= | malonate ;
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| ETC poisons:complex III= | antimycin D;
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| ETC poisons:complex IV= | CN-, CO, chloramphenical;
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| ETC poisons:complex V= | oligomycin
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| one dose trx hemophilus ducreyi | azithromycin 1 gr po, ceftriaxone 250 mg im,
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| one dose trx candidiasis | ketoconazole 150 mg
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| one dose trx vaginal candidiasis | 1 pill of diflucan
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| one dose trx trichomonas | metronidazole 2 gr
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| one dose trx gardnerella | metronidazole 2 gr
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| to break down glycogen, 4 enz. | phosphorylase (Pi), debranching enz, alpha-1,6-glucosidase, phosphatase, alpha 1,4-glucosidase
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| to make glycogen, 2 enz | glycogen synthase, branching enz (=glycogen alpha-1,4;alpha-1,6 glycosyl transferase)
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| obstructive vs restrictive pulmonary dz | obstructive= hi pO2/N, or hi pCO2, low pH. (leads to resp. acidosis)
restrictive = low pO2, low pCO2, hi pH
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| 6 places of TCA where aa's feed in/out | pyruvate- gly, ala,ser; acetyl coA- Mr.PITT (phe, iso, thr,tyr) + lys, leu; alpha-KG - glu, gln; succinyl coA- phe, tryp, tyr; fumarate-pro; oxaloacetate- asp,asn
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| 4 steps of beta oxidation | 1. oxidation (7 NADH/21 ATP).
2. Hydration.
3. oxidatio(7 FADH/14 ATP).
4. thiolysis (8 AcCoA/ 96 ATP).
***total 131 ATP-2 to bring it in.
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| 4 H's produced by small cell CA | ACTH, ADH, PTH, TSH, (ANP)
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| viruses directly cause CA | PAPILLOMA, EBV, HBV,HCV, HIV
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| tPA 20mg iv push, 40mg drip. give inhibitors. | aminocaproic acid
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| streptokinase 750K iv push, then 750K drip. give inhibitors. | aminocaproic acid
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| warfarin. give inhibitors. | vitK
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| heparin. give inhibitors. | protamin sulfate
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| urokinase. | used only for feeding tubes, fistulas, etc.
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| anticardiolipin | SLE
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| anti-topoisomerase | PSS (Progressive Systemic Sclerosis)
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| anti-TSH receptors | Graves
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| anti-hair follicle | allopecia areata
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| anti-myelin receptor | MS
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| anti-melanocyte | viteligo
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| anti-ACH | MG
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| anti-ribonuclear protein | Mixed CT dz (MCTD)
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| anti-parietal cell receptor | pernicious anemia (ab's to intrinsic factor)
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| anti-epidermal anchoring protein receptors | pemphigus vulgaris (positive Nikolsky, ab's to intercellular jntn of epidermal cells)
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| anti-epidermal BM protein | bullous pemphigoid,(IgG subepidermal blisters, oral etc.)
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| anti-thyroglobulin | hashimoto's
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| anti-microsomal | hashimoto's
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| anti-smooth muscle | scleroderma
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| anti-scl70 | scleroderma
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| anti-rho (SS-A) | sjogren's
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| anti-la | sjogren's
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| anti-proteinase | wegener's
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| clot in front of renal artery | renal artery stenosis
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| clot off whole renal artery | renal failure
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| clot in renal papilla | papillary necrosis
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| clot off renal medulla | interstitial nephritis
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| clot off pieces of nephron | focal segmental GN, HIV, drug use assoc.
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| clot off lots of nephrons | RPGN
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| MC nephrotic dz in adults | membranous GN
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| MC renal dz in blacks/hispanics | focal segmental GN
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| MC renal mass | a cyst
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| MC malignant renal tumor in adults | adenocarcinoma
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| MC malignant renal tumor in children | wilm's tumor
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| MCC leading to RPGN | goodpasteurs
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| alopecia areata | patch of hair
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| alopecia totalis | entire head bald
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| alopecia universalis | entire body hairless
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| pulmonary infiltrate eosinophilia (PIE) syndrome | "NASSA": necator americanus, ascaris lumbricoides, schistosomiasis, strongyloides, ankylostoma duodenale
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| 2 enzymes used by B12 | homocystine methyl transferase, methyl malonyl mutase
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| mitochondrial inheritance | NO male transmission, ALL
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| increased susceptibility to pseudomonas and staph infxs | burn pts, CF pts, DM pts, neutropenic pts (cover 1x for S. aureus during 1st wk, cover 2x for pseudomonas after 2nd wk)
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| cause of widened S2 | (incr pO2, incr vol in R ventricle).
1. blood transfusion.
2. giving O2.
3. R side failure.
4. pregnancy (incr vol).
5. iv fluids.
6. ASD.
7. deep breathing.
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| 8 cavities of blood loss | "PIMP TRAP":
pericardium,
intracranial,
mediastinum,
pleural cavity,
thighs,
retroperitoneum,
abdominal (=big),
pelvis (=deep)
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| penicillin | gram positive, bone marrow suppression; simple anaerobes; #1 cause of anaphylax; interstitial nephritis; nonspecific rashes; as haptens->hemolytic anemia.
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| negative-stranded RNA | prodromal period b4 sxs=1-3 wks b/c must switch to positive stranded before replication
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| positive-stranded RNA | sxs within 1 wk or less (xc these negative stranded: hanta, ebola, yellow fever)
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| 5 cofactors for dehydrogenase complex | "Tender Loving Care For Nancy": TPP (thiamin-B1), lipoic acid (B4), CoA (pantothenic acid- B5), FAD (Riboflavin-B2), NAD (Niacin-B3).
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| x-linked inheritance (all are x-recessive, xc one) | bruton's agammglobulinemia, CGD (NADPH defic.), duchenne, color blindness, G6PD, hemophilia, lesch-nyhan, vitamin resistant rickets (x-linked dominant)
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| B-cell deficiency | bruton's agammaglobulinemia (tyrosine kinase deficiency), SCID (T-cell overlap), WAS (T-cell overlap), CVID (common variable immune defic., tyrosine kinase defic), leukemias, lymphomas, job-buckley syndrome (T-cell overlap)
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| 4 itchiest rash | "SLUD": scabies, lichen planus, urticaria, dermatitis herpetiformis
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| I-myc | small cell lung CA, promyelocytic leukemia (Burkitt's lymphoma)
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| c-myc | small cell lung CA, promyelocytic leukemia (Burkitt's lymphoma)
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| N-myc | neuroblastoma, small cell lung CA
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| c-abl | CML, ALL
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| c-myb | colon CA, AML
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| c-sis | osteosarcoma, glioma, fibrosarcoma
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| c-erb B2 | epidermal growth factors receptors
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| CSF-1 | breast
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| erb-B2 | breast CA, ovarian, gastric
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| ret | medullary CA of thyroid, MEN II/III, papillary CA
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| Ki-ras | lung CA, colon CA
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| bcl-2 | Burkitts, follicular lymphoma
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| erb | retinoblastoma
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| ranson's criteria of acute pancreatitis | at admission "GALAW": glu>200, age>55, LDH>350, AST>250, WBC>16,000.
at less than 48 hrs "CHOBBS": calcium<8mg/dl, hct drop of>10%, O2<60 (PaO2), base deficit>4, BUN>5, sequestration>6L
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| hormones produced by placenta | "HI HOPE": hCG, inhibin, human placental lactogen (HPL), oxytocin, progesterone, estrogen
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| pilocarpine | CF, glaucoma (painful, red, teary eye)
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| causing dysgeusias (taste disorders) | metronidazole, clarithromycin, Zn deficiency
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| Rashes associated with cancer: seborrheic keratosis (waxy warts) | colon ca or HIV if sudden increase in #. nL with aging.
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| Rashes associated with cancer: dermatomyositis (violacious, heliotropic rash, malar area) | colon ca
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| Rashes associated with cancer: akanthosis nigricans (dark lines in skin folds) | any visceral ca, end organ damage
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| carcinoid syndrome (triad), measure what, | flushing, wheezing diarrhea (measure serotonin 5-HIAA; comes from pancreas, ileum)
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| AVMs | "HEAL": heart (PDA),
elbow (fistula from dialysis in renal dz),
abd/brain (von hippel lindau, clot off with coils,
increased incidence of renal cell CA--chr3),
lungs (osler-weber-rendu syndrome).
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| HDL carries | "CEAL": L-CAT, E, C-II, Apo-A
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| VLDL carries | B-100, E, C-II, ApoA
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| IDL carries | B-100, E, CII
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| LDL carries | B-100
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| chylomicrons take TGs from GI to | liver (25%), endothelium (75%)
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| erythema marginatum | little red spots with bright red margins, sandpapery, RF - Jones criteria ->strep pyogenes
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| Measles | morbiliform rash, preceded by cough, conjuctivitis
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| roseola | fever 2 days, sop, rash pops up= rash after fever (=HHV6)
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| erythema nodosum | anterior aspect of leg, redness, teder nodules
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| erythema multiforme | red macules, target lesions, allergy, viruses, severe = Toxic Epidermal Necrolsis (skin peels off); mild = stevens johnson syndrome; mild= virus (MCC), drugs (Sulfa)
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| seborrheic dermatitis | scaly skin with oily shine on hairline
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| seborrheic keratosis | stuck on "warts"
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| psoriasis | HLA B27, extensor surfaces, silvery white plaques, scaly skin, pitted nails
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| varicella zoster | stages- red macules, papules, vesicles, pustules, then scabs; different stages at same time (=HHV3)
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| dermatitis herpetiformis | rash/blisters on ant. thigh, assoc. with diarrhea 2/2 celiac sprue flare up
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| typhoid fever (salmonella) | rose spots assoc. with "intestinal fire"
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| dermatomyositis | heliotropic rash
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| erysipelas | reddened area on skin with raised borders; does not blanch
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| tinea cruris | redness, itchy groin
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| pityriasis rosea | herald patch; dr skin patches that follow skin lines, (HHV7)
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| Tinea versicolor | hypopigmented macules on upper back in "V" pattern (upside-down Christmass tree); Trx=griseofulvin
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| Scabies | linear excoriations on belt line and finger webs, etc. Trx: Lindane, or Permethrin.
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| T-cell deficiency | DeGeorge's (hypokalemia, 3 & 4 pharyngeal pouch, deletion of chr22), HIV (also B-cell, but less so)
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| Lipoprotein transports: chylomicron | takes TGs from GI to liver and endothelium
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| Lipoprotein transports: VLDL | takes TGs from liver to adipose
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| Lipoprotein transports: IDL | takes TGs from adipose to tissue
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| Lipoprotein transports: LDL | only one to carry cholesterol
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| Lipoprotein transports: excessive TGs | xanthelasma- eyelids/-brows
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| Lipoprotein transports: excess cholesterol | xanthoma-elbows
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| Lipoprotein transports: VLDL | is the only one made in the liver
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| Lipoprotein transports: IDL and LDL | are break down products of VLDL
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| hemophilus influenza | "pleomorphic" gram negative rod; "school of fish"; (Type A=80%, non-encapsulated, noninvasive, 2nd MCC of sinusitis/otitis/bronchitis). (Type B=20%, encapsulated-polyribosyl phosphate in capsule, IgA Protease, invasive dz, #1 cause of eiglotitis, stridor
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| meningitis (wrong in AID): 0-2 months | GBS (agalactiae), Ecoli, listeria
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| meningitis (wrong in AID): 2mo-10yrs | S. PNA, N. meningitides (adolescent yrs only)
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| meningitis (wrong in AID): 10yrs-21yrs | N. meningitides
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| meningitis (wrong in AID): >21yrs | S. PNA
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| Strep pneumo vaccine | given at 2,4,6 months. covers 23 strains (98% of cases). indications include: anyone +65yo, splenectomized (sickle cell), end-organ damage (CF, RF, nephrotic syndrome)
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| strep pyogenes | MCC of all throat infections. 2nd MCC of all skin infxns
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| staphylococcus differentiation | S.aureus-gold pigment, S.epi-white pigment, S.saprophyticus-no pigment.
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| rusty colored sputum | Strep pneumonia (pneumococcus)
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|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
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To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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Created by:
hazelett