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Year 9 Geography vocabulary

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Term
Definition
agriculture   the science or practice of farming, including cultivation of the soil for the growing of crops and the rearing of animals to provide food, wool and other products  
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arable   suitable for farming  
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biodiversity   the diversity of plant and animal life in a particular habitat  
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biofuel   fuels made from natural sources  
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biome   groupings of plant and animal communities which have adapted to inhabit particular parts of the Earth’s surface  
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capitalism   an economic system in which resources and means of production are privately owned and prices, production, and the distribution of goods are determined mainly by competition in a free market  
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commodity   a raw material, such as an agricultural product, that can be bought and sold  
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domestic tourism   where people travel within their own country for recreation  
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economy of scale   the advantage that a larger producer or consumer has over a smaller one because of costs that do not increase proportionately with size or amount purchased  
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ecosystem   an area of the Earth’s surface where living organisms interact with parts of the Earth  
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e-waste (electronic waste)   the rubbish created by throwing away used electronic devices and components, such as batteries; also, the disposal of materials involved in their manufacture or use  
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fair trade   trade based on the buying and selling of products (usually from poorer nations) that have been mined, grown or manufactured under humane working conditions, with appropriate wages for the workers and minimal environmental impact  
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food chain   the sequence of feeding arrangements in an ecosystem in which each member may be food for the next highest member of the chain  
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food security   the knowledge that enough food will be provided for the population now and in the future  
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globalisation   when an idea or product reaches a worldwide scale  
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Green Revolution   a period beginning in the 1960s when new agricultural techniques brought great increases in production and greatly decreased the incidence of hunger worldwide  
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industrialism   when countries’ economic and social systems become based around the production of goods through mechanised industries in urban centres, rather than through agriculture  
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irrigation   the process of supplying water to a crop, typically via channels  
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megatrend   a major movement, pattern or trend emerging in the global environment  
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migration   movement from one location to another  
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personal mobility   one’s ability to move around  
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savanna   a grassy plain with only a few trees  
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staple food   the most commonly eaten food in a specific region  
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trade   the buying and selling of goods and services  
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transnational companies   companies that operate their businesses in and across more than one country; also called multinational companies  
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Created by: gmcclell
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