Blue Module Review
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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What does mode of transmission mean? | How microorganisms travel between hosts.
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Describe direct contact. | Person to person.
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Describe indirect contact. | Person to object to person.
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Describe droplet transmission. | Coughs or sneezes.
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Describe vehicle route. | Transmission via food, water, body fluids.
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Describe airborne transmission. | Dust, evaporated droplets in the air, particles of hair and skin, ventilation systems.
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Describe vector transmission. | Bird, animal or insect. ie. West Nile Virus
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Describe normal flora. | Natural to the body, do not cause disease.
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Describe bacteria. | Single-celled organisms that multiply by cell division, some cause infection, non-pathogenic.
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Describe viruses | Cannot live on their own, need a host cell to multiply, very small organism, not seen by regular microscope.
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Describe fungi | Single-celled, uses spores to reproduce.
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Describe protozoa | Single-celled, found mostly in contaminated water and sewage systems. ie. Beaver Fever
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How should you treat someone with HIV/AIDS? | Respect, empathy, acceptance, dignity, warmth.
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What are the standard precautions? | PPE-gloves, gowns, apron, masks, protective eyewear. Protection from cross contamination.
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What are the contraindications of MMR? | Sensitivity, immunoglobulin, pregnancy.
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What is a pathogen? | Microorganisms causing disease.
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What is chemical disinfection used for? | Used for heat sensitive equipment.
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What is medical asepsis? | Killing germs after they leave the body.
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What is surgical asepsis? | Sterilization-destroy all pathogens before they enter the body.
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What is the most effective method of preventing the spread of infectious organisms? | Hand washing.
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Why do vaccines work? | The body responds in the same manner, whether exposed naturally or via a vaccine. Builds up an immunity.
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What does the chain of infection mean? | If one of the links in the chain of infection breaks, it cannot continue.
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How can AIDS be transmitted? | Unprotected sexual intercourse, shared needles or other drug equipment, injury from a needle or sharp with contaminated blood. ie. Tattooing, acupuncture, body piercings.
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What is the "universal disinfectant"? | Bleach.
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What is postexposure prophylaxis? | Immediate and preventative treatment to prevent infection after exposure to a dangerous virus.
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autoclave | A device using steam for sterilization.
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antigen | A pathogen or any other substance that induces an antibody response.
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antibody | A protein specific to a certain antigen that weakens or destroys pathogens.
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nosocomial infection | A hospital-related infection; one that is not present or incubating when a patient is admitted to a hospital or healthcare facility.
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systemic infection | An infection that has spread to more than one region of the body.
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sharp | Any instrument with a sharp edge or point, such as a scalpel, scissors or a needle.
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topical | Applied to the skin or affected area.
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anaerobic bacteria | Bacteria that do not require oxygen to grow.
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aerobic bacteria | Bacteria that require oxygen to grow.
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teratogenic | Causing abnormalities in the fetus.
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antiseptic | A cleaning agent applied to living tissue to destroy pathogens.
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latent infection | One in which the symptoms disappear and recur, while the disease-causing agent remains in the body.
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sterile | Completely free of pathogens.
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sterilant | A substance that destroys or eliminates all forms of microbial life in an inanimate environment.
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disinfectant | A chemical substance that destroys or eliminates specific species of infectious microorganisms. It is not usually effective against bacterial spores.
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infection | A disease process that results from the entry and spread of a microorganism.
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contagious/communicable disease | A disease that is spread from person to person.
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immunity | An individual's ability to fight off disease.
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active infection | An infection in which signs and symptoms are present.
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otitis media | An infection of the middle ear.
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acute infection | An infection that is time limited.
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quarantine | Isolating or separating a client, client-care unit or facility.
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bactericidal | Killing microorganisms.
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local infection | An infection that is confined to a specific region of the body.
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sanitization | Removal of gross contaminations and some microorganisms from instruments, skin, and so on, the lowest level of medical hygiene.
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sterile techniques | Methods to avoid contamination of sterile materials.
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pathogen | A microorganism that causes disease.
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disinfection | A more thorough removal of contaminants than sanitization but less thorough than sterilization.
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nonpathogenic | Non causing disease.
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opportunistic infection | An infection that does not ordinarily cause disease but does so under certain circumstances, for example, in compromised immune systems; so called because it takes advantage of an ""opportunity".
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microorganism | An organism so small that it can only be seen under a microscope.
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remission | A period in which a chronic infection shoes no symptoms.
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exacurbation | A period in which a chronic infection shows symptoms.
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chronic infection | One that is persistent over a long period of time, perhaps life.
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sanitizer | A substance that significantly reduces the bacterial population in an inanimate environment but does not destroy all bacteria or other microorganisms.
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bacteriostatic | Reducing or inhibiting the number of microorganisms.
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relapse | The re-emergence of an initial infection after it appears to have subsided but has not been cured.
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recurrent infection | A distinct episode of an infection after recovery from the initial infection; may involve the same pathogens or different ones.
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immunoglobulin | A serum that contains antibodies that can help protect an exposed person from contracting the disease.
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asepsis | A state in which pathogens are absent or reduced. There are two principal types of asepsis: medical and surgical.
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sterilization | The process of destroying all microorganisms, including bacterial endospores and viruses. The highest level of cleanliness.
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virulence | The power of a microbe to produce a disease in a particular host.
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contamination | The presence of pathogens on an object.
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post exposure prophylasis | Treatment after exposure to a pathogen.
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asymptomatic | Without clinical signs or symptoms.
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Created by:
Barbara Ross
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