Comprehensive Pharm 4
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| MOA amphetamine | indirect general sympathetic agonist releases stored catecholamines
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| MOA epehderine | indirect and direct sympathomimetic stimulates release of NE from sympathetic neurons
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| MOA cocaine | blocks reuptake of NorE and DA
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| MOA clonidine | centrally acting alpha agonist decreased central adregnergic outflow
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| uses for epi | anaphylaxis glaucoma asthma hypotension
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| uses for norE | hypotension (but decreases renal perfusion)
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| uses for isoproterenol | rare... AV block
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| uses for DA | shock (increases renal perfusion) heart failure
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| uses for dobutamine | shock heart failure cardiac stress testing
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| uses for amphetamines | narcolepsy obesity ADD
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| uses for ephedrine | nasal decongestion urinary incontinence hypotension
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| uses for phenylephrine | pupil dilator vasoconstriction nasal decongestion
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| uses for albuterol | asthma
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| uses for terbutaline | asthma
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| uses for cocaine | vasoconstriction local anesthetic
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| uses for clonidine | HTN (esp with renal dz b/c it doesn't decrease blood flow to kidney)
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| examples of inhaled anesthetics | halothane enflurane isoflurane (-ane)
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| MOA inhaled anesthetics | unknown
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| effects of inhaled anesthetics | myocardial depression respiratory depression n/v increased cerebral blood flow decreased cerebral demand
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| toxicity of halothane | hepatotoxicity
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| toxicity of methoxyflurane | nephrotoxicity
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| toxicity of enflurane | pro-convulsant
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| toxicity of any inhaled anesthetic | malignant hyperthermia (rare)
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| types of drugs used as IV anesthetics | BB King on optiates proposes foolishly Barbiturates benzos Ketamine (arylclohxamines) opiates Propofol
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| which barbiturate is commonly used as an IV anesthetic? | thiopental
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| uses of thiopental | induction of anesthesia short surgical procedures
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| which is the most common anesthetic used for endoscopy? what is it administered with? | midazolam gaseous anesthetics and narcotics
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| side effects of midazolam | post-op respiratory depression hypotension amnesia
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| how is the respiratory depression from midazolam treated? | flumezanil
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| side effects of arylcyclohexamines | bad dreams CV stimulation disorientation hallucinations increased cerebral blood flow
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| benefit of propofol | less post-op nausea than thiopental
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| what is combined with opiates during general anesthesia? | other CNS depressants
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| MOA local anesthetics | block Na channels by binding to specific receptors in inner portion of channel
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| examples of atypical antipsychotics | olanzapine clozapine risperidone
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| examples of typical antipsychotics | thioridazine haloperidol fluphenazine chlorpromazine
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| MOA typical antipsychotics | block D2 receptor
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| MOA atypical antipsychotics | blocks dopamine and 5HT receptors
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| clinical uses of typical antipsychotics | schizophrenia psychosis acute mania Tourette's
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| clinical uses for atypical antipsychotics | schizophrenia (+ and - sx)
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| clinical uses for olanzapine | OCD anxiety d/o depression mania Tourette
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| toxicity associated with typical antipsychotics | EPS endocrine effects anti-muscarinic effects (dry mouth) hypotension (from blocking alpha receptors), sedation (from blocking histamine receptors) NMS tardive dyskinesia
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| what is tardive dyskinesia | stereotypical oral-facial movements d/t blocking DA receptors
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| what is NMS | rigidity myoglobinuria autonomic instability hyperpyrexia
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| tx of NMS | dantrolene and DA agonists
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| toxicity associated wiht atypical antipsychotics | less EPS and anti-cholinergic effects Clozapine --> agranulocytosis
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| uses for lithium | bipolar blocks relapse and acute manic events
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| toxicity of lithium | LMNOP movement (tremor) nephrogenic DI hypOthyroidism Pregnancy problems
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| MOA buspirone | stimulates 5HT1a receptors
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| uses of buspirone | anxiolysis for GAD
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| benefits of buspirone | doesnt cause sedation or addiction doens't interfere with alcohol
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| examples of ssri's | fluoxetine sertraline paroxetine citalopram
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| clincical uses for ssri | OCD endogenous depression eating d/o
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| examples of tricyclic antidepressants | imipramine amitriptyline desipramine nortiptyline clomipramine doxepin
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| MOA TCA | blocks reuptake of NorE and 5HT
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| uses for TCAs | major depression bedwetting (imipramine) OCD (clomipramine)
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| which TCA is used for bedwetting | imipramine
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| which TCA is used for OCD | clomipramine
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| examples of heterocyclic anti-depressants | you need BUtane in your VEINs to MURder for a MAP of alcaTRAZ buproprion venlafaxine mirtazapine maportiline trazodone
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| examples of MAOIs | phenelzine tranylcypromine
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