Stack #166434
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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Long bones | Longer than wide, femur, humerus, fibula, tibia, radius, ulna ( arms and legs)
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Short bones | cube shaped (wrist/ankle)(carpal/tarsal)
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Flat bones | thin surface for muscle attatchment, cranial bones,sternum, ribs
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Irregular bones | complex shapes, facial bones, vertebrae
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Diaphysis | shaft
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Epiphysis | ends
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Metaphysis | where ends join shaft
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Articular cartilage | hyaline cartilage
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Periosteum | outer cover around bone
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Endosteum | lines inside of cavity
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Medullary cavity | cavity inside with yellow marrow
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Osseous tissue | matrix is 25% collagen, 50% mineral salts
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Osteoblasts | bone building cells, become osteocytes as build matrix around themselves
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Osteocytes | mature bone cell, no cell division, maintain bone
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Osteoclasts | cells to reabsorb bone, in the endosteum lysosomal enzyme
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Haversian system | Osteon, units of bone tissue, has Haversian (central) canal that runs longitudinally down center
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Volkmann"s canals | transverse canals, has artery vein, nerve and lymph connect to meduallry cavity, periosteum at Haversian canals
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Concentric lamellae | hard rings of calcified bone around c anal
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Lacunae | space between lamellae, contain osteocytes
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Canaliculi | channels raidiating out from lacunae, have extra celluar fluid and connect with each other, contain process of osteocytes
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Trabeculae | lattice of thin column of bone, red marrow in spaces and osteocytes
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PTH | parathyroid hormone, negative feedback loop, stimulates osteroclasts for bone reabsorption to release Ca++ inton blood, promotes absorption of Ca++ in gut and decreased loss from kidneys
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Calcitonin | made by thyroid, keeps Ca++ in bone, inhibits osteoclasts
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Thyroid hormones | promote normal bone growth
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Insulin | secreted by pancreas, promote normal bone growth
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HGH | from pituitary, promote growth of all tissues, including bone (human growth hormone)
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IGFs | from liver, stimulated by HGH, promote tissue repair and bone growth (insulin-like growth factors)
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Minerals | Ca & P to calcify matrix, Ma - support of osteocytes
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Vitamins | V + A osteoblasts too much slows growth repair, Vit. C & collagen, matrix Vit. D for Ca absorption. too much is bone loss
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Sutures | joints between skull
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Fontanelles | soft spots on infants head (anterior, posterior,2 sphenoid, 2 mastiod) 12-18 months
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Kyphosis | anterior concave, posterior convex, normal in thoraic spine
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Lordosis | anterior convex, posterior concave, normal in cervical and lumbar spine
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Synarthrosis | immovable
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Amphiarthrosis | slightly moveable
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Diarthrosis | freely moveable
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Fibrous joints | little/no movement
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Suture (fiberous joints) | fiberous, synarthrosis, skull
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Syndesmosis | tibial/fibular joint, amphiarthrosis
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Gomphosis | peg in socket, (tooth) immoveable
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Synchondrosis | epiphyseal plate, hyaline cartilage, immoveable
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symphysis | broad flat fibrocartilage, IVD, pubic symphysis
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Synovial cavity | .
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Articular cartilage | .
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Articular capsule | .
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Ligaments | .
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Fibrous capsule (outer layer) | .
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Articular fat pad | .
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Synovial membrane (inner layer) | .
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Synovial fluid | .
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Articular discs/menisci | .
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Protraction/retraction | pull forward and back, shoulder, jaw
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Inversion/eversion | at the foot, inversion is sole face in, eversion is sole face out
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Dorsi/plantar flexion | at the ankle, point toes is plantar flex, pull toes towards head is dorsi flex
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Pronation/supination | at the arm, pronate is palm down, supinate is palm up
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Created by:
vanessamay21
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