Ch 6 Evaluation of the Knee
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| What Three Muscle Groups make up the Pes Anserine? | The Gracilis, Sartorius, and Semitendinosus
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| What kind of pain will the person complain of the ACL? | Pain beneath the kneecap or inside of the knee
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| Location of pain of the PCL? | Mimics gastrocnemius strain
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| Location of pain of the Meniscus ( vascular)? | Joint line pain
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| Location of pain of the meniscus ( avascular)? | Popping, clicking or locking
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| MOI Varus tensile forces( 4) ? | 1.LCL,2. Lateral joint capsule,3. IT band, 4.Biceps Femoris.
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| MOI Valgus Tensile forces (4)? | 1. MCL, Medical jont capsule, pes anserine mucsle group, and Medial meniscus
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| MOI Anterior tibial Displacement ( 5)Tensile Force? | ACL, IT band, LCL, MCL, medical and lateral joint capsules.
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| MOI Posterior Tibial Displacment(4)Tensile Force)? | PCL, poplitus, medial and lateral joint capsules
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| MOI Internal Tibial Rotation(Tensile Force)? | ACL, Anterolateral joint capsule, posteromedial joint capsule, posterolateral joint capsule, LCL
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| MOI External tibial rotation(Tensile Force)? | Posterlateral joint capsule, MCL, PCL, LCL, ACL
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| MOI hyperextension(Tensile force)? | ACL, posterior joint capsule
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| MOI Hyperflexion( tenseile force)? | ACL, PCL
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| MOI Compressive forces- Valgus? | Lateral Meniscus
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| MON Compressive forces- Varus? | Medical Meniscus
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| MOI Compressive forces- Anterior tibial displacement? | Posterior portion of the medial and lateral meniscus
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| MOI compressive forces- Porterior tibial displacement? | Anterior portion of the medial and lateral meniscus
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| MOI Compressive force to the Interal tibial rotation? | Anterior horn of the medial meniscus, posterior horn of the medial meniscus
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| MOI compressive force of external tibial rotation? | Anterior horn of the lateral meniscus, posterior horn of the lateral meniscus
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| MOI compressive force hyperextenion? | anterior portion of the medial and lateral meniscus
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| MOI Compressive force of Hyperflexion? | Posterior portion of the medial and lateral meniscus
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| When inspecting the alignment of the patella, should you be looking for? | Should rest normally above the femoral trochlea, evenly aligned with the medial and lateral aspects of the knee
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| While inspecting the patellar tendon, you should look for? | Swelling over or directly around the tendon may indicate tendinitis or bursitis, swelling on both sides may indicate inflammation of the underlying fat pad
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| When inspecting the Quadriceps muscles, you should be looking for? | Compare mass and tone bilaterally, note any discoloration, swelling, loss of continuity
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| Inspection of the alignment of the femur on the tibia? | Observe angle of articulation ( genu valgum, Genu varum)
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| Inspection of the Tibial Tuberosity | Note if enlarged( Osgood-Schlatter disease)
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| Inspection of the medical aspect, what should you be looking for? | Any swelling or discoloration of the joint line, tibia, femur, or pes anterine tendon
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| Inspection of the Oblique fiber of the vastus medialis? | Note tone and grith compared bilaterally, first to inhited following injury ( disuse or result of inflammation)
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| Inspection of the lateral aspect? | Notice any swelling or discoloration of the tibia joint line and femur.
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| Inspection of the Fibular head? | Should be aligned equally ht when compared bilaterally. Biceps femoris tendon and LCL may be visble during knee flexion.
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| Inspection of Posterior sag of the tibia? | Patient is supine and knees at 90 degrees, Observe postions of the tibia(PCL- deficient knee)
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| Inspection of hyperextension? | Genu recurvatum
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| Inspection of the hamstring muscles? | Observe Length of the hamstring group for signs of contusions, indicating a blow to this area, ecchymosis, indicating a strain
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| Inspection of the Popliteal Fossa? | Notice any swelling or discoloration, indication of capsular trauma or tear of the distal hamstring tendons or the heads of the gastrocnemius muscle
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| Determining intracapsular swelling, what is the test? | Sweep Test
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| What indicated that a sweep test is postive? | Reformation of the edema on medical aspect of the knee pressure appliesd to lateral aspect
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| What are the implications of a postive Sweep Test? | Joint capsule swelling- indicative of possible ACL trauma, osteochondral fx, synovitis, menisal lesion, or patellar dislocation.
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| ROM testing when during flexion and extension of the knee what are the degrees? | 0( extension)- 135 to 145 (Flexion)degrees
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| ROM testing of recurvatum what are the degrees? | -10 degrees
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| ROM testing of internal and external rotation? | Observer and compare bilaterally the rotation of the tibial tuberosity to estimate the amount of ER and IR occurs during active flexion and extension.
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| What are the three ligamentous test that test of ACL instablitliy | Anterior drawer test, Lachman's Test, Modified lachman's test
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| What are the two ligamentous test for PCL Instability? | Posterior Drawer test, Godfreys test (Sag)
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| What is the test for MCL instability? | Valgus stress test
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| What is the test for LCL instability? | Varus stress test
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| What are the two Special test for Meniscal tears? | McMurrays Test, and Apley's compression and distraction test
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| What are the five special test of rotary knee instabilies? | Slocum Drawer, Crossover test, Lateral pivot shift, Slocum ALRI, FRD test
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| What are the tests for IT band friction Syndrome? | Noble's compressive test, Ober's test
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| What the MOI for an MCL sprain? | A valgus Force to the knee or less commonly, external rotation of the tibia.
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| What is the MOI of a LCL sprain? | Varus force placed on the knee or excess internal tibial rotation.
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| what is the MOI of a ACL Sprain? | Rotation of the knee while the foot is planted (tensile force)a blow that drive the tibia anterio relative to the femur or the femur posterior relative to the tibia ( shear force)or hyperextenion
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| What is the MOI of a PCL Sprain? | Posterior displacement of the tibia on the femur, Hyperflextion of the knee, Hypextension of the knee
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| What is the posterolateral rotatory instablitiy? | Most commonly, a direct blow to the posterolateral aspect of the knee, rotational force
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| During RROM of flexion of the knee what muscles are you testing(7)? | Semitendinosus, semimembranosus, biceps formois, sartoris, gactrocnemis, graclis, poplitus
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| During RROm of extersion what muscles are being being tested (4)? | Rectur femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis.
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| what are u testing for during a Anterior Drawer test for the ACL? | Increased amount of anterior tibial translation compared with the opposite limb.
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| What does a postive test for a anterior drawer test mean? | a sprain of the anteromedial bundle of the ACL or complete tear of the ACL.
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| What are you testing for during a Lachman's test for the ACL laxity | Increaced amount of anterior tibial translation compared with the opposite side limb or the lack of a firm end feel
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| When performing the posterior drawer test for the PCL instablity, what are you looking for ? | Increased amounts of posterior tibial translation compared with the opposite limb or lack of the firm end feel
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| A postive result from lackmans means? | Sprain to the ACL
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| A postive result from the posterior drawer test means? | Sprain to the PCL
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| Godfreys test for PCL instability, what are you looking for? | unilateral posterior displacement of the tibial tuberosity
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| A postive result from a Godfreys test is? | A sprain to the PCL
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| valgus stress test for the MCL instability is testing for? | Increased laxity, decreased quality of the end point and pain compared with the uninvolved ligament
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| resuls to the valgus stress test for a MCL means? | At 0degrees flexion( sprain to the macl, medial joint capsule and possibly cruciate ligamentsAt 25 degrees ( sprain to the MCL)
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| Varus stree test for LCL ligament instability testing for? | Increased laxity, dreacred quality of the end-point or pain compared with the uninvolved limb
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| Results to a Varus stress test fot the LCL mean? | at 0 degrees of extension- sprain of the LCL,lateral joint capsule cruciate ligaments and related structures indicate rotatary of the joint25 degrees- a sprain to the LCL
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| Anterolateral rotatory instability are a disruption to what 7 structural? | ACL, anterolateral joint capsule, LCL, IT band, biceps femoris, lateral meniscus, posterolateral capsule.
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| Anterolateral rotatory instability involves what kind of trauma? | Trauma to the ACL, and the anterolateral capsule restraints, anterolateral rotary instablity resulting in a greater displacment of the tibia.
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| what are the three test to the anterolateral rotatory instability> | Lateral pivot drawer, the slocum ALRI test, and flexion rotation drawer.
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| When performing the Slocum drawer test at interally rotated at 25 degrees what are the implications? | Test for anterolateral instability: damage to the ACL, anterolateral capsule, lcl, IT band, popliteus tendon, posterolateral capsule
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| When performing the slocum drawer test at externally roated at 15 degrees what are the implications? | test for the anteromedical instablity: damage to the MCL, anteromedical capsule, ACL posteromedical capsule
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| Lateral pivot test for anterolateral knee instablity a postive test would be? | tibia;s postion on the femur reduces as the leg is flexed of 30 degreees or 40 degrees, during extension the anterior subluxation is felt
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| Lateral pivot test for anterolateral knee instalility a implication are? | tear of the ACLm posterolateral capsule, arcuate ligament complex or the IT band
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| Slocum anterolateral rotatory instablilty a postive test means? | appreciable" chuck or instability as the lateral tibial plateau subluxates or pain or instability reported
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| Posteriolateral rotatory instability involves? | anterior displacement of the lateral femoral condyle relative to the tibia ( the tibia externally rotating relative to the femur)
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| Posterolateral structures are of the knee? ( 4) | Arcuate ligament complex, LCL, biceps femoris, posteral capsule
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| Postormedical structues are of the knee? (4) | Posterior oblique ligament, MCl, semimembranosus, anteromedical capsule,
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| Anteromedical structures of the knee?( 6) | ACLm Anteromedical joint capsule, MCL, pes anserine, medial meniscus, postermedial capsule
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| External rotation test for posterolateral knee instability postive test is? | Increased external rotation greater than 10 degrees compared to the opposite limb
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| External rotation test posterolateral knee instablility implicatioin at 30 degrees not at 90? | injury isolated to the arcuate ligament complex and posterolateral structed of the knee
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| External rotation test posterlateral knee instability implication at 30 and 90 degrees? | trauma to the PCL, posterolateral knee structures, and arcuate ligament complex
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| External rotation test posterlateral knee instablility implication at a90 degrees | isolates the PCL
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| The McMurry's test for meniscal lesions, postive test would result in? | Popping or clicking or locking of the knee, pain emanating from the meniscus
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| Nobles compressive test for IT band friction syndrome, postive test results in? | Pain under the thumb most commonly as the knee approaches 30 degrees
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| Ober's test for IT Band tighness postive test results in? | The leg is unable to adduct past parallel
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| Scew Home Mechanism is? | When extension of the Knee the finial degrees, resulting in extenal rotation of the tibia when the lateral meniscus seving as a pivot point.
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