A&P.labmuscle.2008
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| myofibrils | one of the fine longitudinal fibrils occurring in a skeletal or cardiac muscle fiber - consists of regularly thick & thin myofilaments
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| actin myofilaments | THIN myofilaments - the "I" band - the light-colored section which has a Z disk in the middle & then the area on either side
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| Why is the light-colored band called the "I" band | Called the "I" band because of isotropic "iso" means "like" - the "I" band has properties which are the same in all directions
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| What is the "A" band? | the dark part of the sarcomere-it extends the length of the myosin myofilamnets within a sarcomere
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| Why is it called the "A" band? | It is Anisotropic "aniso" (meaning unequal, dissimilar, unalike)
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| sarcomere | functional unit of striated muscle [sarcom and G. meros "part"]
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| Z line | protein anchors the actin myofilaments [from Z to A]
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| how are myosin myofilaments held in place? | by TITIN filaments (which are springy) and the M line
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| neuromuscular junction | consists of the axon terminals and the area of the muscle fiber sarcolemma they innervate
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| what is another word for the synapse? | the neuromuscular junction - the functional membrane-to-membrane contact of the nerve cell with another nerve cell, an effector (such as a muscle cell) or a sensory receptor cell - synapse transmits nerve impulses through a club-shaped axon terminal
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| the axona terminal is the | PRE SYNAPTIC terminal
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| the synaptic cleft is | space between the axon terminal & the muscle fiber
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| the postsynaptic terminal | the muscle plasma membrane in the area of the junction is the posynaptic terminal, or the motor end-plate
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| what is another name for the postsynaptic terminal? | the motor end-plate
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| endomysium | on the inside-a delicate network of loose connective tissue with numerous reticular fibers which surround each muscle fiber
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| endo | G. endon = within - within, inner, absorbing, or containing
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| perimysium | a bundle of muscle fibers with their endomysium is surrounded by another, heavier connective tissue layer called the perimysium
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| epimysium | a muscle consists of many fasciculi grouped together & surrounded by a third and heavier layer, the epimysium- composed of dense, collagenous connective tissue and covers the entire surface of the muscle
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| epi | prefix meaning "on" "following" or "subsequent to"
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| fasicle | a band or bundle of fibers
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| tendon | L. tendo "to extend" remember "tendu"
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| tendon | a nondistensible fibrous cord or band of variable length that is the part of the muscle that connect the fleshy (contractile) part of muscle with its bony attachment or other structure
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| aponeurosis | fibrous sheet or flat, expanded tendon, giving attachment of muscular fibers ; serving as means of origin or insertion of a flat muscle- also serves as fascia for other muscles
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| origin of muscle | also called the "head" - Usually the most stationary part of the muscle
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| identify the microscopic slide of a tendon |
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| prime mover or agonist | the muscle accomplishing the movement, such as flexion
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| antagonist | the muscle acting in opposition to an agonist
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| synergist | members of a group of muscles working together to produce a maovement
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| fixator | muscles that hold one bone in place relative to the body where a more distal bone is moved Ex. scapula act as fixators to hold the scapula in place
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| what are the three types of muscle? | skeletal, cardiac & smooth
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| what types are voluntary? | skeletal
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| what types are involuntary | cardiac & smooth
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| where is smooth muscle found? | in stomach, intestines
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