New FA Micro 6
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| all DNA viruses except what are dsDNA? | parvoviridae (part-of-a-virus)
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| all DNA viruses are linear except what? | papovaviruses (circular, supercoiled), hepadnaviruses (circular, incomplete)
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| name 3 naked RNA viruses? | calcivirus, picornavirus, reovirus (naked CPR)
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| this type of virus acquires envelopes from the nuclear membrane | herpesvirus
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| most enveloped viruses aquire their envelope from where? | from plasma membrane when they exit from cell
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| all viruses are haploid except what? | retroviruses, which have 2 identical ssRNA molecules (diploid)
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| all DNA viruses replicate where? what is the exception? | nucleus - except poxvirus
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| all RNA viruses replicate where? what are the exceptions? | cytoplasm - except influenza and retroviruses
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| name the DNA viruses | HHAPPPy viruses: hepadna, herpes, adeno, pox, parvo, papova
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| this DNA virus carries its own DNA-dependent RNA polymerase | poxvirus
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| all DNA viruses are icosahedral except what? | pox (complex)
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| naked DNA viruses (3) | PAP: parvo, adeno, papova
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| enveloped DNA viruses (3) | HPH: hepadna, pox, herpes
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| what is the largest DNA virus? | poxvirus
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| virus causing febrile pharyngitis, pneumonia, conjunctivitis | adenovirus
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| virus causing aplastic crises in sickle cell disease, fifth disease, hydrops fetalis? | parvovirus
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| what is the smallest DNA virus? | parvovirus (ss linear)
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| HBV is a member of what virus family? | hepadnavirus - DNA, partial circular
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| members of the picornavirus family? | "PERCH:" poliovirus, echovirus, rhinovirus, coxackievirus, HAV
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| HEV and Norwalk virus belong to what family? | calciviruses - RNA (ss, linear), icosahedral
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| virus causing roseola (exanthem subitum) | HHV-6
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| virus related to Kaposi's sarcoma? | HHV-8
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| what type of virus is JC - causes PML in HIV | papovavirus
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| type of virus causing Colorado tick fever? | reovirus
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| number one cause of fatal diarrhea in kids? | rotavirus
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| togaviruses (3)? | rubella, EEE, WEE
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| flaviviruses (5)? | HCV, yellow fever, dengue, St. Louis encephalitis, West Nile virus
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| to what family does influenza virus belong? | orthomyxovirus
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| paramyxoviruses (4) | PaRaMyxovirus: parainfluenza (croup), RSV, measles, mumps
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| Rx for RSV bronchiolitis in kids? | ribavirin
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| what type of virus is rabies? | rhabdovirus
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| what type of virus is HDV? | deltavirus
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| MMR, Sabin polio, VZV, yellow fever, smallpox, and adenovirus have what type of vaccine? | live attenuated
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| rabies, infulenza, HAV, and Salk polio are what type of vaccine? | killed
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| egg-based vaccines? | "FRY an egg:" flu, MMR, Yellow fever
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| the vaccine for what is recombinant? | HBV- antigen is recombinant HBsAg
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| exchange of genes between 2 chromosomes by crossing over within regions of significant base sequence homology | recombination
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| when viruses with segmented genomoes (e.g. influenza) exchange segments. high-frequency virus recombination; cause of worldwide pandemics | reassortment
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| when 1 of 2 viruses that infect the cell has a mutation that results in a nonfunctional protein; the nonmutated virus complemetns the mutated one by making a functional protein that serves both viruses | complementation
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| genome of virus A can be coated with the surface proteins of virus B; type B protein coat determines the infectivity of the phenotypically mixed virus; however, the progeny from this infection has a type A coat and is encoded by type A genetic material | phenotypic mixing
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| DNA enveloped viruses (3) | herpesvirus, HBV, smallpox
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| DNA nucleocapsid viruses (3) | adenovirus, papillomaviruses, parvovirus
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| influenza virus, parainfluenza, RSV, measles, mumps, rubella, rapies, HTLV, and HIV are what type of RNA viruses? | RNA enveloped viruses
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| enteroviruses (poliovirus, coxsackie virus, echovirus, HAV), rhinovirus, and reovirus are what type of RNA viruses? | RNA nucleocapsid
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| segmented viruses? | all are RNA viruses: "BOAR": bunyaviruses, orhtomyxoviruses, arenaviruses, and reoviruses
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| all paramyxoviruses have 1 serotype except what? | parainfluenza virus - has 4
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| parainfluenza, mumps, measles, and RSV all belong to what family? | paramyxoviruses
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| parotitis, orchitis, and aseptic meningitis? | mumps
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| bluish-gray spots on buccal mucosa? | Koplik spots - diagnostic for measles
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| drugs for influenza A? | amantadine and rimantadine (especially prophylaxis)
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| drugs useful for both influenza A and B? | zanamivir and oseltamivir (neuraminidase inhibitors)
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| virus with a bullet-shaped capsid? | rabies
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| how does rabies travel to CNS? | migrates in a retrograde fashion up axons
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| variant of dengue fever in Southeast Asia? | hemorrhagic shock syndrome
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| caused by flavivirus, an arbovirus transmitted by Aedes mosquitos | yellow fever
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| high fever, black vomit, jaundice | yellow fever
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| councilman bodies (acidophilic inclusions) may be seen in liver with this virus | yellow fever
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| virus causing mono with negative monospot? | CMV
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| heterophil antibodies detected by agglutination of sheep RBCs? | monospot test
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| tzanck test | a smear of opened skin vesicle to detect multinucleated giant cells - used to assay for HSV-1, HSV-2, and VZV
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