Midterm #1
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| 1870 | First Vatican Council (interrupted due to the Franco Prussian Wa); intended to write a "constitution" on the church but only go as far as writing about the pope; defined the dogma of "papal infallibility"
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| Pius IX | pope during Vatican 1; promulgated "Syllabus of Errors" ("Pio Nono")
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| Leo XIII | Introduced "Catholic social teaching" (Rerum Novarum-1891)
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| Pius X | Opposed the so-called "modernist" heresy
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| Pius XI | Opposed birth control; failed to issue encyclical on racism
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| Benedict XV | tried to end WW1, but failed
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| Pius XII | papal nuncio to Nazi Germany, signed concordat with Hitler; pope during WW2
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| John XXIII | elected in 1959 as a "transitional" pope; called Vatican 2 (surprise!)
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| Paul VI | elected in 1962
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| John Paul I | elected in 1978- served for only 33 days; mysterious death
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| John Paul II | elected in 1979
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| Benedict XVI | elected in 2004
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| December 1961 | Pope John XIII announces his intention to call a Council
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| lex orandi, lex credendi | the law of praying is the law of believing
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| sede gestitoria | the portable armchair/throne that carries the pope
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| periti | Latin for "expert" (plural); theological advisors to council bishops
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| semper idem | Latin: "always the same" (i.e., Cardinal Ottaviani's view)
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| aggiornamento | Italian word for "updating"
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| collegiality | the pope and bishops have shared responsibility for the church (a "college" = a team)
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| Co-responsibility | builds upon the Council's insistence that everybody has a duty and right to participate in the church
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| Gaudiam et spes | Social Activism of Catholic
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| 3 key issues that were emphasized | Liturgy, Laity, Ecumenism
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| key historical events related to ecumenism | Eastern Schism in 1054, Protestant Reformation in 1517
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| "separated brethren" | Protestants
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| Ecumenism | the attempt to heal those wounds and overcome the reasons for division
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| denied 5 of the 7 sacraments | Luther
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| the great difficulty for Protestants | "papal primacy"
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| Enlightenment | reformation and modernity
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| Robert McAfee Brown | non-catholic observers at Vatican 2
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| "Dignitatis Humanae" | Document of Relious LIberty
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| John Courtney Murrray | key drafter of American Jesuit
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| Sadducees | followed the Hebrew Bible literally. They rejected the Pharisees notion of an Oral Torah. Positions were giving down from generation to generation. Do not believe in the afterlife.
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| co-responsibility | builds upon the council’s insistence that everybody has a duty and right to participate in the church.
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| Gaudiam et spes | the Pastoral Constitution on the Church in the Modern World, was one of the chief accomplishments of the Second Vatican Council.
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| Syllabus of Errors | was a document issued by Holy See under Pope Pius IX on December 8, 1864, Feast of the Immaculate Conception, on the same day as the Pope's encyclical Quanta Cura. It was very controversial in its time and remains so to this day, because it condemned conc
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| collegiality | refers to the doctrine held in the Catholic Church that the bishops of the world, collectively considered (the College of Bishops) share the responsibility for the governance and pastoral care of the Church with the Pope. This doctrine was explicitly taug
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| apocrypha | refers to the books that are not considered part of the canon.
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| Vatican 1 | The First Vatican Council was summoned by Pope Pius IX by the bull Pastor Aeternus of June 29, 1868. The first session was held in Saint Peter's Basilica on December 8, 1869. It was the 20th ecumenical council of the Catholic Church. Nearly 800 church lea
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| parable | Stories about a one-time, fictious event that are long and detailed. Most frequently used form of teaching used by Jesus, but not invented by him. Presents an analogy between 2 very different things Two kinds of parables- ethical and eschatological
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| Eithical (parable) | set down principles of attitude and action which lead to eternal life…what most people do.
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| eschatological (parable) | proclaim redemptive acts of God in history…what God does
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| Nouvelle Theologie | (French, "New Theology") is the name commonly used to refer to a school of thought in Catholic theology that arose in the mid-20th century, most notably among certain circles of French and German theologians. The shared objective of these theologians was
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| ecumenical council | is a conference of the bishops of the whole Church convened to discuss and settle matters of Church doctrine and practice.
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| Qumran | It is best known as the settlement nearest to the hiding place of the Dead Sea Scrolls in the caves of the sheer desert cliffs.
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| canon | - literally means “measuring stick.” Books that are considered to be the revealed word of God. Writings used in worship that are considered to be inspired.
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| Liturgical Movement | A movement of scholarship and the reform of worship within the Roman Catholic Church that has taken place over the last century and a half and has affected many Protestant and Reformed Churches including the Church of England and other Churches of the Ang
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| Marcion | wrote the first canon of the New Testament in AD 140. For centuries he has been maligned as a heretic, since the Church Fathers like Tertullian accused him of taking the razor to the Bible and cutting out several of the Pauline epistles; Acts, 1 & 2 Timot
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| peritus | is the title given to Roman Catholic theologians who are present to give advice at an Ecumenical council. At the most recent, the Second Vatican Council, some periti (the plural form) accompanied individual Bishops or groups of Bishops from various countr
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| Torah | The name Jews use for the Pentateuch, “the Law”. 1st 3 sections in the Tanak (Hebrew Bible). It is accepted by Christians as part of the Bible.
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| theology | The study of God from a religious perspective. “Process by which we bring our knowledge and understanding of God to the level of expression.” “Faith seeking understanding.” The study of God, when used in the most restricted sense, deals with questions
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| tradition | The living heritage of the church that has been handed down from earlier generations. Different Christian denominations give different weight to tradition. An authoritative source for theologians. One of the two basic sources for theology.
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| Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre | French, Roman Catholic archbishop who opposed the changes within the church associated with Vatican Council II. He founded society of St. Pius X (longest traditional Catholic Priestly Society). Went against orders of Pope John Paul II and consecrated 4
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| Lumen Gentium | The dogmatic constitution on the church. One of the principle documents of Vatican Council II. Concerns papal authority and an emphasis on the church as the people of God. It asserted that the church is a hierarchical community with ultimate authority
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| soteriology | the doctrine of salvation through Jesus Christ
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| Cardinal Ottaviani | conservative leader at Vatican II, head of the Office for the Preservation of the faith, believed in "semper iden"= always the same
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| Cardinal Bea | the progressive leader during Vatican II
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| John XXII | originally thought of as an interm pope, he called Vatican II looking for an updating of the church, but ended up dying in the middle of the council
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| Pius IX | the pope that followed John XXIII and continued the Council
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| John Courtney Murray | an American Jesuit theologian that played a fundamental role in persuading the Church to adopt the Council's Declaration on Religious Liberty: Dignitatis Humanae; giving religious freedom to all
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| basilea | a greek word often seen in the Bibles, spoken by Jesus, can be translated as the "reign" or "kingdom", eg, Kingdom of God.
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| Hans Küng | (born 1928), a Swiss Roman Catholic theologian, questioned church dogma, emphasized the need for reform within the church, and sought reform with other Christian groups. His liberal views led to his censorship by the Vatican in 1979.
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| aggiornamento | ⊗ Literal meaning: “bring up to date”
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| four source theory | ⊗ Deals with the organization of the Pentateuch (Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers & Deuteronomy)
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| apocalyptic | ⊗ A Judeo-Christian worldview which located the believer in a minority community & gave his life meaning by relating it to the end, soon to come, which would reverse the present state
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| zealot | ⊗ Member of a movement in 1st century Judaism
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| Pharisee | ⊗ Rabbi
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| Q | ⊗ The debated, hypothetical source document containing a collection of sayings from Jesus
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| Abba | Hebrew for “daddy” or “father.”
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| gnosticism | They believed that they alone truly understood Christ's message, and that other streams of thought within Christianity had misinterpreted Jesus' mission and sayings. A person attains salvation by learning secret knowledge of their spiritual essence: a di
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| Am'Haretz | Hebrew, meaning “people of the land.” Used to refer to common people in Jewish scripture.
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| ressourcement | “back to the sources.” A school of thought during Vatican II where some believed that the Church needed to bring back its old, more traditional, practices and doctrines.
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| hermeneutics | the branch of theology that deals with the principles of Biblical exegesis
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| Sr. Mary Luke Tobin | one of the 23 women who was allowed to be an observer of Vatican II (was in the video we watched).
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