Yellow Module Respiratory Review
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Describe the nasal cavity. | Chamber lined with mucous membranes and tiny cilia.
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| What are olfactory neurons? | Receptors for the sense of smell.
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| What happens to CO2 as it enters pulmonary capillaries? | It diffuses from the blood within the pulmonary capillaries and enters alveolar spaces.
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| What happens to the diaphragm when we breathe? | Contracts during inspirations
Relaxes during expiration.
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| What is external respiration? | Exchange of O2 and CO2 between the alveoli and the blood in pulmonary capillaries.
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| What is internal respiration? | Exchange of O2 and CO2 between the body cells and the blood in systemic capillaries.
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| What is pulmonary ventilation? | Breathing.
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| Describe the transport of respiratory gases? | When blood transports CO2 to the lungs and O2 to the body cells.
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| What is the respiratory system responsible for? | Exchange of O2 and CO2.
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| What are exudates? | Fluid that is usually high in protein and often contains blood and immune cells.
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| What are transudates? | Non-inflammatory fluid that resembles serum but with slightly less protein.
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| What are the causes of asthma? | Allergens, irritants, stress, cold, exercise.
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| What are the three major disorders included in COPD? | Asthma, chronic bronchitis, emphysema.
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| What is emphysema? | Characterized by decreased elasticity of the alveoli.
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| ABG | arterial blood gases
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| AFB | acid-fast bacillus
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| AP | anteroposterior
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| ARDS | acute respiratory distress syndrome
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| CO2 | carbon dioxide
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| COPD | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
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| CPR | cardiopulmonary resuscitation
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| CT | computed tomography
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| DPI | dry powder inhaler
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| FVC | forced vital capacity
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| Hb | hemoglobin
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| HMD | hyaline membrane disease
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| Hx | history
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| IRDS | infant respiratory distress syndrome
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| MDI | metered-dose inhaler
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| NMT | nebulized mist treatment
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| O2 | oxygen
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| PFT | pulmonary function tests
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| PND | paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
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| RDS | respiratory distress syndrome
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| SOB | shortness of breath
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| T&A | tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy
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| TB | tuberculosis
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| TPR | temperature, pulse, respirations
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| URI | upper respiratory infection
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| VC | vital capacity
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| DPT | diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus
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| SIDS | sudden infant death syndrome
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| cystic fibrosis | hereditary disease of the exocrine glands, effects respiratory system, pancreas and sweat glands.
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| rhonchus | Abnormal breath sounds heard on auscultation.
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| crackle | Abnormal respiratory sound heard on auscultation. Also called rafe.
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| anosmia | Absence of the sense of smell.
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| pertussis | Acute infectious disease characterized by a cough that has a "whoop" sound.
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| tuberculosis (TB) | An infectious disease caused by inhaling viable tubercle bacilli: aka acid-fast bacillus.
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| pneumonia | An inflammatory disease of the lungs caused by bacteria, viruses, disease, chemicals, etc.
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| antihistamine | Block histamines from binding with histamine receptor sites in tissues.
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| atelectasis | Collapsed or airless state of the lung, may be acute or chronic.
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| palatine tonsils | Collection of lymphatic tissue within the oropharynx.
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| asphyxia | Condition caused by insufficient intake of oxygen.
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| pneumoconiosis | Disease caused by inhaling dust particles.
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| compliance | Ease with which lung tissue can be stretched.
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| pleural effusion | Excess fluid in the pleural cavity.
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| pleurectomy | Excision of part of the pleura.
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| pneumectomy | Excision of a lung.
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| viscous | Extremely thick.
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| stridor | High-pitched, harsh, adventitious breath sound.
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| thoracic (chest) x-ray | Images of the chest taken from AP, PA and lateral views.
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| pleurisy | Inflammation of the pleural membrane.
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| Mantoux test | Intradermal test to determine tuberculin sensitivity.
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| sweat test | Measurement of the amount of salt in sweat, used to diagnose CF.
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| spirometry | Measurement of ventilator ability by assessing lung capacity and flow.
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| oximetry | Method of monitoring the percent of Hb saturated with O2.
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| diffuse | Moving or spreading out of a substance at random.
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| pulmonary function test (PFTs) | Multiple tests used to evaluate the ability of the lungs to take in and expel air.
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| epistaxis | Nosebleed.
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| lung scan | Nuclear scanning test primarily used to detect pulmonary emboli.
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| postural drainage | Positioning a patient so that gravity aids in the drainage of secretions from the bronchi and lobes of the lungs.
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| antitussive | Relieve or suppress coughing.
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| bronchospasms | Spasms in the bronchial passage.
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| bronchodilators | Stimulate bronchial muscles to relax and expand air passages.
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| thoracentesis | Surgical puncture and drainage of the pleural cavity.
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| carbon dioxide (CO2) | Tasteless, colourless, odourless gas produced by body cells during the metabolic process.
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| oxygen (O2) | Tasteless, colourless, odourless gas essential for human respiration.
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| apnea | Temporary loss of breathing.
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| arterial blood gases (ABG) | Test that measures PO2, PCO2, pH and bicarbonate level of an arterial blood sample.
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| throat culture | Test used to identify pathogens, especially group A streptococci.
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| visceral pleura | The innermost layer lying next to the lung.
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| parietal pleura | The outermost layer, lining the lung.
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| percussion | The process of gently tapping with the fingers to determine position, size or consistency of an underlying structure.
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| auscultation | The process of listening to body sounds, especially in the chest, with the use of a stethoscope.
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| oxygenation | The process of providing the body with adequate amounts of oxygen
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| pharynx | Throat.
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| alive | Viable.
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| Laryngoscopy | Visual examination of the larynx.
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| mediastinoscopy | Visual examination of the mediastinal structures.
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| Larynx | Voice box.
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| Wheeze | Whistling or sighing sound heard on auscultation.
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| trachea | Windpipe.
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Created by:
Barbara Ross
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