Cardiovascular System
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| Describe capilliaries | microscopic vessels that join the arterial system with the venous system. Most significant of the blood vessels. Very thin.
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| Describe the heart | A hollow, muscular organ lying in the mediastinum that propels blood to the entire body.
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| Describe the SA node | Located in the upper portion of the right atrium and has its own built in rhythm. Has the ability to initiate and transmit each heartbeat. Sets the basic pace for the cardiac rate. Known as the pacemaker of the heart.
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| How do veins return blood to the heart? | Skeltal muscle contraction
gravity
respiratory activity
valves
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| How is blood supplied to the heart muscle? | By the coronary arteries and their branches
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| Name the features that influence blood pressure | resistance of blood flow in blood vessels
pumping action of the heart
viscosity (thickness) of blood
elasticity of arteries
quantity of blood in the vascular system
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| Name the 4 structures responsible for electrical conduction of the heart | SA node
AV node
bundle of His
Purkinje fibers
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| Any endovascular procedure that reopens narrowed blood vessels | angioplasty
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| Applying controlled electrical shock to the exterior of the chest | cardioversion
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| Blood clot that forms in the deep veins of the body | DVT deep vein thrombosis
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| Blood clots that obstructs a vessel | thrombus
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| Blood passes from the left atrium to the left ventricle aka mitral valve | bicuspid valve
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| Carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs | pulmonary artery
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| Carries oxygenated blood back to the heart from the lungs | pulmonary veins
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| Collects and carries deoxygenated blood from the lower portion to the right atrium | inferior vena cava
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| Collects and carries deoxygenated blood from the top portion to the right atrium | superior vena cava
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| Condition which develops when the valves of the veins are damaged | varicose veins
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| Consistently elevated blood pressure | hypertension
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| Decreased blood pressure | hypotension
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| Destruction of a blood clot | thrombolysis
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| Destruction of conductive tissue of the heart | catheter ablation
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| Destruction of tissue | necrosis
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| Device used to hold open vessels | stents
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| Dilate blood vessels of the heart | nitrates
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| ECG recoeding system capable of storing 24 to 48 hours of tracings | Holter monitor test
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| Fibrous sac which encloses the heart | pericardium
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| Form of arteriosclerosis characterized by deposits of plaque in arteries | atherosclerosis
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| Hardening and narrowing of an artery | arteriosclerosis
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| Inability of the heart to maintain a normal sinus rhythm | arrhythmia
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| Inability of the valves to close properly | insufficiency
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| Incision of a valve to increase the size of the opening | valvotomy
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| Increase excretion of water and sodium | diuretics
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| Inflammation of the vein | phlebitis
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| Innermost layer of the heart | endocardium
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| Intermittent chest pain | angina
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| Life threatening condition characterized by necrosis in the myocardium | myocardial infarction
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| Local and temporary deficiency of blood supply | ischemia
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| Localized abnormal dilation of a blood vessel | aneurysm
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| Located between the right atruim and right ventricle | thicuspid valve
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| Lowers blood pressure | ACE inhibitors
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| Lowers cholesterol | statins
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| Mass lodged in a blood vessel | embolus
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| Muscular layer of the heart | myocardium
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| Narrowing of a vessel | coarctation
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| Outermost layer of the heart | epicardium
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| Passage of a catheter into the heart | CC cardiac catheterization
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| Prevents backflow of blood into the right ventricle | valves
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| Procedure used to remove or treat varicose veins | laser ablation
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| Sensation that the heart is not beating properly | palpitation
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| Series of tests used to assess risk of ischemic heart disease | lipid panel
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| Soft blowing sound heard on ascultation | bruit
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| The contraction phase of the heart | systole
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| The relaxation phase of the heart | diastole
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| Ultrasound that assesses different areas of the heart | echocardiogram
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| AAA | abdominal
aortic
aneurysm
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| ACE | angiotension-converting enzyme
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| AF | atrial fibrillation
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| BBB | bundle
branch
block
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| CABG | coronary
artery
bypass
graft
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| CC | cardiac catheterization
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| CCV | coranary care unit
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| CHT | coronary heart disease
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| CPR | cardiopulmonary resuscitation
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| CV | cardiovascular
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| DOE | dyspnea on exertion
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| DVT | deep vein thrombosis
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| ECG | electrocardiogram
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| ECHO | echocardiogram
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| EF | ejection fraction
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| HF | heart failure
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| HTN | hypertension
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| IV | intravenous
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| LA | left atrium
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| LV | left ventricle
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| MRA | magnetic resonance angiogram
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| MRI | magnetic resonance imaging
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| MVP | mitral valve prolapse
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| PAC | premature atrial contraction
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| SA | sinoatrial
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| SOB | shortness of breath
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| VT | ventricular tachycardia
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