Cardiovascular Review
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Describe capillaries | -join arterial system with venous system -most significant -provide cells with vital products -remove waste products from cells
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| Describe the heart | hollow, muscular organ lying in the mediastinum that propels blood to the entire body
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| Describe the SA node | -locate in upper portion of the right atrium -has its own built-in rhythm -ability to initiate and transmit each heartbeat -sets the basic pace for the cardiac rate`
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| How do veins return blood to the heart | -skeletal muscle contraction
-gravity
-respiratory activity
-valves
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| How is blood supplied to the heart muscle | coronary arteries
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| Name the factors that influence blood pressure | -resistance of blood flow -pumping action of heart -viscosity of blood -elasticity of arteries -quanity of blood
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| Name the four structures responsible for electrical conduction of the heart | -SA node -AV node -bundle of His -Purkinje fibers
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| Name the three layers of the heart | -endocardium -myocardium -epicardium
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| What are the three layers of artery walls | -tunica externa -tunica media -tunica intima
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| What are the three major types of blood vessels | -artery -capillary -vein
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| what are valves | small structures within the veins that prevent backflow of blood
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| What is endocarditis | inflammation of the inner lining of the heart and its valves
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| What type of blood do arteries carry | oxygenated
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| What type of blood do veins carry | deoxygenated
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| Where is each heart valve located | tricuspid -right ventricle and right atrium
pulmonic -pulmonary arteries and right ventricle
bicuspid (mitral) -left atrium and left ventricle
aortic -aorta and left ventricle
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| Any endovascular procedure that reopens narrowed blood vessels | angioplasty
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| Applying controlled electrical shock to the exterior of the chest | cardioversion
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| Blood clot that forms in the deep veins of the body | deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
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| Blood clot that obstructs a vessel | thrombosis
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| Blood passes from the left atrium to the left ventricle; aka mitral valve | bicuspid valve
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| Carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs | pulmonary artery
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| Carries oxygenated blood back to the heart from the lungs | pulmonary vein
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| Causes a decrease of heart rate and contractility | beta-blockers
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| Collects and carries deoxygenated blood from the lower portion to the right atrium | inferior vena cava
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| Collects and carries deoxygenated blood from the top portion to the right atrium | superior vena cava
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| Condition which develops when the valves of the veins are damaged | varicose veins
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| Consistently elevated blood pressure | hypertension
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| Decreased blood pressure | hypotension
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| Destruction of a blood clot | thrombolysis
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| Destruction of conductive tissue of the heart | catheter ablation
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| Destruction of tissue | necrosis
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| Device used to hold open vessels | stent
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| Dilate blood vessels of the heart | nitrates
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| ECG, recording system capable of storing to hours of tracing | Holter monitor
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| Fibrous sac which encloses the heart | pericardium
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| Form of arteriosclerosis characterized by deposits of plaque in arteries | atherosclerosis
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| Hardening and narrowing of an artery | arteriosclerosis
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| Inability of the heart to maintain a normal sinus rhythm | arrhythmia
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| Inability of the valves to close properly | insufficiency
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| Incision of a valve to increase the size of the opening | valvotomy
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| Increase excretion of water and sodium | diuretics
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| Inflammation of a vein | phlebitis
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| Inner most layer of the heart | endocardium
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| Intermittent chest pain | angina
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| Life-threatening condition characterized by necrosis in the myocardium | myocardial infarction (MI)
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| Local and temporary deficiency of blood supply | ischemia
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| Localized abnormal dilation of a blood vessel | aneurysm
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| Located between the right atrium and right ventricle | tricuspid valve
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| Lowers blood pressure | angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
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| Lowers cholesterol | statins
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| Mass lodged in a blood vessel | embolism
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| Muscular layer of the heart | myocardium
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| Narrowing of a vessel | coarctation
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| Necrosis of tissue following cessation of blood supply | infarction
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| Outer most layer of the heart | epicardium
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| Passage of a catheter into the heart | cardiac catheterization
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| Prevents backflow of blood into the right ventricle | pulmonic valve
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| Procedure used to remove or treat varicose veins | laser ablation
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| Sensation that the heart is not beating normally | palpitation
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| Series of tests used to asses risk of ischemic heart disease | lipid panel
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| Soft blowing sound heard on auscultation | bruit
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| The contraction phase of the heart | systole
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| The relaxation phase of the heart | diastole
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| Ultrasound that assesses different areas of the heart | Doppler ultrasound
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| Ultrasound used to visualize internal cardiac structures | echocardiogram
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Created by:
DawnLangridge
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