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Fun

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Term
Definition
Geologist   A scientist who studies the forces that make and shape planet Earth.  
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Rock   The material that forms Earth’s hard surface.  
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Geology   The study of planet Earth.  
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Constructive Force   A force that builds up mountains and landmasses on Earth’s surface.  
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Destructive Force   A force that slowly wears away mountains and other features on the surface of Earth.  
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Continent   A great landmass surrounded by oceans  
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Seismic Wave   A vibration that travels through Earth carrying the energy released during an earthquake.  
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Pressure   The amount of force pushing on a surface or area.  
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Crust   The layer of rock that forms Earth’s outer surface.  
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Basalt   A dark, dense, igneous rock with fine texture, found in organic crust.  
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Granite   A usually light-colored rock that is found in continental crust.  
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Mantle   The layer of hot, solid material between Earth’s crust and core.  
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Lithosphere   A rigid layer made up of the uppermost part of the mantle and the crust.  
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Asthenosphere   The soft layer of the mantle on which the lithosphere floats.  
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Outer Core   A layer of molten iron and nickel that surrounds the inner core of Earth.  
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Inner Core   A dense sphere of solid iron and nickel in the center of the Earth.  
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Heat Transfer   The movement of energy from a warmer object to a cooler object.  
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Radiation   The transfer of energy through empty space.  
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Conduction   The transfer of heat by direct contact of particles of matter.  
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Convention   The transfer of heat by movements of a heated fluid.  
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Density   The amount of mass in a given space; mass per unit volume.  
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Convection Current   The movement of fluid, caused by differences in temperature, that transfers heat from one part of the fluid to another.  
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Pangea   The name of the single landmass that broke apart 200 million years ago and gave rise to today’s continents.  
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Continental Drift   The hypothesis that the continents slowly move across Earth’s surface.  
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Fossil   A trace of an ancient organism that has been preserved in rock.  
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Mid-Ocean Ridge   The undersea mountain chain where new ocean floor is produced; a divergent plate boundary.  
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Sonar   A device that determines the distance of an object under water by recording echoes of sound waves.  
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Sea-Floor Spreading   The process by which molten material adds new oceanic crust to the ocean floor.  
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Deep-Ocean Trench   A deep valley along the ocean floor through which oceanic crust slowly sinks towards the mantle.  
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Subduction   The process by which oceanic crust sinks beneath a deep-ocean trench and back into the mantle at a convergent plate boundary.  
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Plate   A section of the lithosphere that slowly moves over the asthenosphere, carrying pieces of continental and oceanic crust.  
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Scientific Theory   A well-tested concept that explains a wide range of observations.  
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Plate Tectonics   The theory that pieces of Earth’s lithosphere are in constant motion, driven by convection currents in the mantle.  
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Fault   A break in Earth’s crust where slabs of rock slip past each other.  
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Transform Boundary   A plate boundary where two plates move past each other in opposite directions.  
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Divergent Boundary   A plate boundary where two plates move away from each other.  
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Rift Valley   A deep valley that forms where two plates move apart.  
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Convergent Boundary   A plate boundary where two plates move toward each other.  
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