Intro to Wellness & Physical Wellness (Nutrition & Digestion)
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Digestion | the physical and chemical breakdown of food for use by the body
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| Alimentary canal | long muscular tube that begins at the mouth and ends at the anus
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| Accessory organs | salivary glands, teeth, liver, gallbladder, pancreas
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| Mouth | receives food as it enters the body
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| Teeth | masticate (chew)
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| Tongue | taste and manipulate food
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| Hard/soft palate | separates the mouth from the nasal cavities and nasopharynx
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| Uvula | prevents food from entering the nasopharynx
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| Salivary glands | produce saliva
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| Pharynx | carries both air and food
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| Food bolus | when food is mixed with saliva
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| Epiglottis | cartilage flap that prevents food from entering the trachea
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| Esophagus | muscular tube behind the trachea that carries food to the stomach
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| Peristalsis | rhythmic, wave-like movement that helps carry food throughout the alimentary canal
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| Stomach | digests and breaks down food with gastric acids
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| Cardiac sphincter | circular muscle that separates the esophagus and stomach
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| Pyloric sphincter | circular muscle that separates the stomach and small intestine
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| Chyme | semi-liquid material of digested food that enters the small intestine
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| Small intestine | absorbs nutrients into the bloodstream through villi
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| Villi | fingerlike projections on the lining of the small intestines
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| Duodenum | first section of the small intestines that receives bile and pancreatic juices
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| Jejunum | second section of the small intestines
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| Ileum | third section of the small intestines
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| Large intestines | absorbs water and stores feces
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| Rectum | storage area for feces
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| Anus | expels feces/stool
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| Liver | secretes bile and detoxifies substances
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| Gallbladder | stores bile
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| Bile | substance that helps to digest fats
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| Pancreas | organ that produces juices for the small intestines and insulin for the blood stream
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| Nutrition | all body processes relating to food
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| Nutritional status | condition of one’s nutrition
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| Malnutrition | state of poor nutrition
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| Atherosclerosis | fatty build-up in the arteries caused by too much fat in the diet
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| Hypertension | high blood pressure caused by too much salt or fat in the diet
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| Osteoporosis | condition when the bones become porous that is caused by a calcium or vitamin D deficiency
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| Diabetes | inability to control blood sugar caused by obesity
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| Carbohydrates | major source of energy (breads, pastas, potatoes)
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| Lipids | concentrated form of energy, cushions and insulates the body
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| Saturated fat | solid at room temperature (meats)
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| Bad cholesterol | contributes to atherosclerosis
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| Unsaturated fat | soft or oily at room temperature (vegetable oils)
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| Good cholesterol | prevents atherosclerosis
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| Protein | build and repair tissue and regular body functions
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| Complete proteins | contain all 9 essential amino acids (meats, fish, eggs)
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| Incomplete proteins | do not contain all 9 essential amino acids (beans, nuts)
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| Vitamins | organic compounds that are essential to life
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| Minerals | inorganic elements
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| Water | makes up most of the body tissue/cells
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| Mechanical digestion | occurs in the mouth
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| Chemical digestion | occurs in the stomach
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| Absorption | occurs in the small intestines
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| Metabolism | occurs in the cells
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| National Wellness Institute's definition of wellness | An active process through which people become aware of, and make choices towards a more successful existence.
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| WHO's definition of wellness | Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social we-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
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| Physical wellness | maintaining a healthy body and seeking care when needed
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| Social wellness | helps you perform social roles effectively and comfortably, and create a support network
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| Intellectual Wellness | involves having an open mind when you encounter new ideas and continuing to expand your knowledge
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| Emotional Wellness | relates to understanding your feelings and coping effectively with stress
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| Occupational Wellness | is about enjoying your occupational endeavors and appreciating your contributions
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| Spiritual Wellness | allows you to develop a set of values that help you seek meaning and purpose
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| Environmental Wellness | encourages you to respect the delicate balance between the environment and ourselves
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| calorie | amount of heat produced during metabolsim
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| therapeutic diet | modification of a normal diet used to improve a specific health condition
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| My Plate | Tool provided by the government to help make well-balanced food choices
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| List the three most important things on a food label | serving size, calories and daily value (DV)
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| 5/20 rule | Helps make a healthy choice from a food label.
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Created by:
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