Astronomy
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| Asteroid belt | located between mars and Jupiter; separates the terrestrial planets from the gas giants
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| types of galaxies | irregular ( no definite shape ) elliptical ( oval shaped ), and spiral ( frisbee shaped ).
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| comet | A chuck of rock and ice that orbits the sun in a long elliptical orbit.
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| Meteor | A meteorite that completely burns in Earth's atmosphere.
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| Light year | The distance light can travel in one year; used to measure extreme distances in space
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| Reflecting telescopes | Use lenses and mirrors to view distant objects
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| Refracting telescopes | Use lenses to view distant objects
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| Radio telescopes | Gathers radio waves from space. Can be used in all weather and all times of the day or night.
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| Satellite | Any natural or man made object that revolves around another object.
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| Asteroid | A large chunk of rock orbiting the sun in a location between Mars and Jupiter.
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| Gas giants | Gas atmospheres, rings, moons, larger orbits
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| Space probe | tools sent to distant areas in space to collect and sending back information.
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| Milky Way | our galaxy; spiral shaped
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| Spectroscope | Tool used to determine the composition of stars.
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| Inner Planets | Terrestrial, no rings, few to no moons
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| Meteorite | meteoroid that strikes Earth's surface.
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| Mercury | • Closest to the Sun.
• no true atmosphere
• temps range: -170C (-274F) to 425C (840F)
• “planet of extremes”
• No moons
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| Venus | • “Earth’s twin”- similar size and mass
• thick Carbon dioxide atmosphere
• Greenhouse effect-
• 864 F (average temp)
• “Evening star”
• Retrograde rotation- backwards spinning: East to West
• No moons
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| Earth | • 70% water
• Atmosphere -mostly Nitrogen
• Rotates West to East
• 1 moon
• Axis is tilted and causes seasons
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| Mars | • “Red Planet”
• Ice Caps
• Thin atmosphere -mostly Carbon Dioxide
• Axis is tilted & has seasons like Earth.
• 2 moons- Phobos, Deimos
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| Jupiter | • Most massive
• “Great Red Spot”- storm of swirling high-pressure gas
• Faint rings
• 4 famous moons- Io, Callisto, Ganymede, Europa
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| Saturn | • visible rings made of ice, dust, and rock.
• 2nd most massive planet
• Less dense than water (would float in water)
• Largest moon (Titan)- is bigger than Mercury
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| Uranus | • Methane Atmosphere
• Bluish in color
• Rotates from top to bottom (like a tire)
• Faint rings that surround the planet vertically (up and down)
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| Neptune | • Atmosphere has very visible clouds.
• “great dark spot”
• Faint rings
• 8th and final planet
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