Understanding Medical Coding
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| Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist (CRNA) | A Registered Nurse licensed by the state of practice who has completed a Nurse Anesthesia program, credentialed as a CRNA, who provides the same anesthesia services as an Anesthesiologist
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| Epidural | Located over or upon the Dural
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| General Anesthesia | A state of unconsciousness, produced by anesthetic agents, with absence of pain sensation over the entire body
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| Local Anesthesia | Anesthesia confined to one part of the body
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| Moderate Sedation | A decreased level of consciousness during a procedure without being put completely to sleep. The patient is able to respond to verbal instructions and stimulation
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| Regional Anesthesia | The production of insensibility of a part by interrupting the sensory nerve conductivity from that region of the body
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| Atrium | Upper chamber of the heart
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| Cardiomyopathy | A condition or general term describing a problem with the heart muscle
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| Endocardium | The innermost layer of tissue that lines the chambers of the heart
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| Myocardium | The muscular tissue of the heart
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| Pericardium | Sac surrounding the heart
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| Septum | The dividing wall or muscle between the right and left sides of the heart
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| Tricuspid Valve | 3 Separate leaflets or cusps are found in this critical valve
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| Ventricles | The 2 lower chambers of the heart
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| Achalasia | The inability of a muscle to relax
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| Aphakia | Absence of the crystalline lens of the eye
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| Base Units | Values assigned to each anesthesia CPT Code to reflect the difficulty of the anesthesia service, including preoperative and postoperative care and evaluation
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| Benign Lesions | A non-cancerous injury, wound, or infected patch of skin
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| Biopsy | Tissue or organ removal for study or examination
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| Catheter | A tubular, flexible instrument for withdrawal of fluids from, or introduction of fluids into, a body cavity
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| Definitive Diagnosis | Diagnosis based upon physician findings; the determination of the illness, or disease is made by the physician
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| Echocardiogaphy (ECHO) | An ultrasound of the heart used to diagnose cardiovascular diseases and cardiac valve disorders
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| Electrocardiogram (EKG or ECG) | The recording of the electrical activity of the heart
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| Endoscopy | Inspection of organs or cavities by use of a tube through a natural body opening or through a small incision
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| Fissure | A groove, split, or natural division
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| Fistula | An abnormal tube-like passage from a normal cavity to another cavity or surface
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| Malignant Lesion | Having the properties of a nearby invasive and destructive tumor growth and metastasis changes in the tissue
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| Sphincter | A muscle that constricts an orifice
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| Physical Status Modifiers | A 2-digit amendment to the anesthesia CPT Codes that describes the physical status of the patient who is receiving anesthesia
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| Closed Fracture | One in which the fracture site does not communicate with the outside environment
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| Dislocation | A complete separation of the bone from its normal position in a joint
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| Open Fracture | One in which the fracture site communicates with the outside environment
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