AP Bio Chapter 54
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| Primary Producers | Level that ultimately supports all life in an ecosystem
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| Primary Consumers | Herbivores
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| Secondary Consumers | Carnivores that eat herbivores
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| Tertiary Consumers | Carnivores that eat carnivores
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| Detritivores | Get energy from detritus
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| Detritus | Non-living organic material
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| Food chain | Pathway along which food is transferred
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| Food Web | Complex feeding relationships
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| Production | Rate of incorporation of energy and materials into the bodies of organisms
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| Consumption | Assimilating organic materials
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| Decomposiyion | Breakdown of organic materials
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| Primary Productivity | Light energy converted to energy over a given time
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| Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) | Total primary productivity
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| Net Primary Productivity (NPP) | GPP minus energy used for respiration
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| Biomass | Energy per unit area per unit time
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| Standing Crop Biomass | Total biomass of primary producers
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| Limiting Nutrient | Further productivity limited by a single nutrient
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| Secondary Productivity | Rate in which the ecosystem's consumers convert food into biomass
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| Ecological efficiency | % energy transferred from one trophic level to the next
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| Pyramid of Productivity | Stack trophic levels in blocks
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| Biomass Pryamid | Each tier is a standing crop biomass
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| Turnover time | Standing crop biomass vs. productivity
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| Pyramid of numbers | Shows how many individuals are present in each trophic level
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| Biogeochemical cycles | A nutrient circut
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| Nitrogen fixation | A way for nitrogen to enter an ecosystem
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| Nitrification | Oxidation of ammonium by plants
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| Denitrification | Nitrate converted back into N2
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| Ammonification | Nitrogen decomposed back into ammonium
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| Long-term ecological research(LTER) | Dynamics of ecosystems over long periods of time
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| Biological magnification | Toxins concentrated in successive trophic levels of a food web
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| Greenhouse effect | Re tension of solar heat
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