Chapter 4
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Arthr/o | joint
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| Chondr/o | cartilage
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| Cost/o | rib
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| Myel/o | bone marrow; spinal cord
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| Oste/o | bone
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| -blast | immature
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| Cartilage | flexible connective tissue
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| Osteoblasts | immature bone cells
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| Osteocytes | mature bone cells
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| Skull | has two types of bones (cranial & facial bones)
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| Axial skeleton | skull, vertebral column, rib cage, & sternum
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| Appendicular skeleton | arms, legs, pectoral girdle, pelvic girdle
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| Arthrocentesis | puncture to withdraw fluid from a joint
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| Arthritis | joint inflammation
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| Arthrotomy | cutting in to the joint
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| Arthroscopy | visual examination of inside a joint
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| Intracranial | within the cranium
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| Craniotomy | cutting into the cranium
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| Myeloma | bone marrow tumor
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| Costochondritis | inflammation of rib cartilage
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| Osteopathy | bone disease
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| Osteoporosis | porous bones which break easily
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| Intervertebral | between the vertebrae
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| long | longer than wide
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| Diaphysis | Narrow part of the bone; the long part of the bone
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| Compact bone | solid
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| Spongy bone | has holes; looks spongy
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| Medullary | hollow part down the bone middle of the bone; has red or yellow bone marrow
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| Short bones | about as wide as they are long
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| Flat bones | plate shaped (ex: sternum, scapula)
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| Irregular | ex: vertebrae
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| Condyle | rounded, articulated surface (part of a joint)
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| Foramen | hole through a bone
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| Fossa | shallow depression
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| Ball and joint socket | shoulder and hip are the two found in humans (is a synovial joint)
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| Synovial joint | most common type of joint and has synovial fluid
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| Synovial membrane | makes synovial fluid
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| Synovial fluid | fluid inside synovial joint
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| Orthopedics | bone & muscle doctor
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| Podiatrist | foot doctor
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| Carpal tunnel syndrome | compression of a nerve as it goes through wrist
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| NSAID | nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
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| corticosteriods | steroids
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| Anti-inflammatory agents | corticosteriods & nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID)
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| Fibr/o | fiber
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| My/o | muscles
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| Myocardi/o | heart muscle
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| -trophy | development
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| Skeletal muscles | attaches to the bone; voluntary
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| Tendon | attaches skeletal muscle to bone
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| Smooth muscle | found in internal organs; involuntary
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| Cardiac muscle | muscle of the heart; also called myocardium
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| Origin | where muscle attaches to the immovable bone
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| Insertion | where muscle attaches to movable bone
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| Muscle action | what a muscle does
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| Abduction | movement away from midline of body
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| Adduction | movement toward the midline of body
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| flexion | bending
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| Extension | straightening out
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| Dorsiflexion of foot | action that moves foot off accelerator
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| Plantar flexion of foot | action that pushes foot down on accelerator
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| Eversion of foot | turning foot outward with toes still forward
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| Inversion of foot | turning foot inward with toes still forward
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| Supination of hand | turning palms up (radius and ulna parallel)
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| Pronation of hand | turning palms down (radius and ulna crossed)
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| Elevation | to raise a body part up
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| Depression | to lower a body part
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| Opposition | touching palmar surface of thumb to palmar surface of other fingers
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| Myopathy | disease of muscle
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| Polymyositis | inflammation of many muscles
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| Tendinitis | inflammation of a muscle
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| Atrophy | loss growth
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| Dystrophy | poor growth
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| Hypertrophy | excessive growth or development
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| Pseudohypertrophy | looks like excessive growth but isn't (false growth)
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Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
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You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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avilak
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