Nervous System
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| olfactory cranial | sensory; smell
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| optic | sensory; vision
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| oculomotor | motor; movement of eyes
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| trochlear | motor; move eyes
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| trigeminal | sensory/motor; eyes, tear, scalp, forehead, lips, gums, teeth, muscle of mouth
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| abducen | motor; muscle conditioning
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| facial | sensory/motor; taste expression tear and salviary
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| vestibulocochlear | sensory;equilibrium, hearing
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| glossopharyngeal | sensory.motor; pharynx tonsils, tongue,
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| vagus | sensory/motor; speech swallowing heart/smooth muscles
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| accessory | motor; soft palate pharynx, larynx, neck, back
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| hypoglossal | motor; move tongue
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| acetylochoine | stimultaes cells
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| afferent neuro | sensory organs to cns
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| arachnoid | middle layer of meninges
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| astrocyte, astroglia | maintain nutrient and chemical levels in neurons
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| autonomic nervous system | pns, impulses from involuntary muscles
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| axon | conducts nerve impuls away from cell body
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| basal ganglia | gray matter within in cerebrum
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| brain | controls bodys functions
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| brainstem | 1/4 controls heart lung and visual functions
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| cell body | branches to reach out to send or recieve
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| cns | brain and spinal cord
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| cerebellum | 1/4 coordinates musculoskeletal system
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| cerebral cortex | outer portion of cerebrum
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| cerebrospinal | fluid throughout brain and spinal cord
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| cerebrum | 1/4 emotions, memory, conscious, morals, sensory interpretation
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| conducivity | abilitiy to transmit signal
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| convultions; gyri | folds in cerebral cortex;
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| corpus callosum | connecsts two hemisphers
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| cranial nerves | 12 pairs carry impulses to and from brain
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| cranium | bony structure brain sits in
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| dendrite | branches conduct impulses towards cell body
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| diencephalon | 1/4 deep portion of brain; hypothalamus
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| durameter | outermost layer of meninges
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| efferent neurons | impulses to and from brain to muscles
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| epidural space | area between pia mater and bones
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| epithalamus | part of diencephalon; sesnory relay station
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| excitability | ability to respond to stimuli
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| fissure;sulcus | indentations of cerebrum
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| frontal lobe | 1/4 parstof hemisphere
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| hypothalamus | part of diencephalon; sensory relay station
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| interneuron | carries and processes sensory information
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| medulla oblagata | regulates heart and lung functions, swallowing, vomiting coughing and sneezing
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| meninges | 3 layers of cover and protect brain and spinal cord
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| microglia | remove debris
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| midbrain | brainstem involved in visual reflexes
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| myelin sheth | fatty tissue covering axon
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| nerve | bundle ofneurons; electrical message thru out body
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| nerve impulse | released energy which is recieved and transmitted to provoke response
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| neurilemma | covering protects myelin sheath
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| neuroglia | doesnt transmit impulses
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| neurotransmitters | tiny sacs at end of axon
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| occipital lobe | hemisphere of cerebrum
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| oligodendroglia | produces myelin and helps support neurons
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| parasympathetic | ans; operates when body in homeostasis
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| parietal lobe | hemisphere in cerebrum
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| pia mater | innermost layer of meninges
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| pons | brainstem; controls respiratory functions
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| receptor | receives nerve impulses
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| somatic ns | pns; recieves and processes sensory input
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| spinal cord | ropelike tissue inside vertebral column
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| spinal nerves | 31 pairs; carry messages to and from spinal cord
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| stimulus | arouses response
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| subdural | area between dura meter and pia mater
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| sumpathetic ns | ans operates body under stress
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| ynapse | space which ipulses jump from one neuron to the next
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| temporal lobe | hemisphere in cerebrum
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| terminal end fibers | end of xon pass impulse to next neuron
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| thalamus | part of diencephalon;relay station for senses
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| ventral thalamus | part of diencephalon; sensory relay station
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| ventricle | cavity in brain for verebrospinal fluid
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| cerebello | cerebellum
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| cerebro | cerebrum
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| crani | cranium
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| encephalo | brain
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| ganglio | ganglion
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| glio | neuroglia
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| meningo | meninges
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| myelo | bone marrow; spinal cord
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| neuro | nerve
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| thalmo | thalamus
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| spino | spine
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| vago | vagus nerve
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| ventriculo | venrticle
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| ach | acetlyocholine
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| als | amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
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| bbb | blood brain barrier
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| cns | cenral nervous system
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| cp | cerebral palsy
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| csf | cerebrospinal fluid
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| ct | computerized tomography
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| cva | cerebrovascular accident
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| cdc | cerebrovascular disease
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| pns | peripheral nervous system
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| babinskis reflex | reflex on plantar surface of foot
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| cerebral anigogram | xray of brain blood vessels
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| ct | radiogrpahic imaging; cross sectional scan
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| electroencephalogram | electrical impulses of brain
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| encephalogram | radiographic study of ventricles in brain
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| evoked potetials | electrical wave patterns observed during eeg
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| lumbar puntuce | withdrawal of cerbrospinal fluid tween lumbar vertebrae
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| myelogram | xray of spinal cord
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| nerve conduction velocity | timing of conductivity of electrical shck administered to pn
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| pet | imaging o brain using raioactive isotopes
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| polysomnography | electrical and movement patterns during sleep
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| reflex | involuntary contration due to stimulus
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| spect | brain image produced by radioactive isotopes
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| transcranial sonogram | brain images produced by sound waves
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| absence seizure | epileptic bried disorientation of environment
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| agnosia | inability to recieve and understand outside stimuli
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| alzheimers | degenerativ brain disease
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| amnesia | loss of memory
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| amyotrophic later sclerosis | disease of motor neurons loss of muscular control and death
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| aneurysm | widening of artery wall bursts and releases blood
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| aphasia | speech loss
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| apraxia | inability to properly use familiar objects
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| astrocytoma | glioma fromed from astrocytes
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| ataxia | uncoordinated voluntary movement
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| aura | group of symptoms preced a seizure
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| bacteria/pyrogenic meningitis | meningitis caused by bacterionb
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| bells palsy | paralysis of one side of face
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| brain contusion | bruising of surface of brain without penetration
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| cereellitis | inflammation of cerebellum
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| cerebral infarction; cerbrovascular accident; stroke | incident caused by disruption in normal blood supply to brain
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| cerebral pasly | damage to cerebrum during birth lack of motor coordination
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| coma | deep sleep with little response to stimuli
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| concussion | brain injury
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| dementia | deterioration in mental capacity
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| demyelimation | destruction of myelin sheath
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| dopamine | substance to relieve symptoms in parkinsons
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| duritis | inflammation of dura mater
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| dysphasia | speech difficulty
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| embolic strok | stroke caused by embolus
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| encephalitis | inflammation of brain
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| epilepsy | chronic recurrent seizure activity
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| fainting; syncope | loss of consciousness due to lack of oxygen
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| gangliitis | inflammation of ganglion
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| gait | manner of walking
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| glioblastoma multiforme | most malignant type of glioma
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| gran/tonic clonic seizure | severe epileptic seizure with convulsions and twitching
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| hemorrhagic stroke | stroke caused by blood escaping from damage artery
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| huntingtons chorea | hereditary disorder with uncontrollable movements
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| hydrocephalus | overproduction of fluid in brain
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| meningioma | tumor rises rom meninges
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| meningitis | inflammation of meninges
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| meningocele | spina bifida cystica; protrusion of spinal meninges above surface of skin
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| meningomyelocele | spina bifida; protrusion of meninges and spinal cord above surface of skin
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| multiple sclerosis | disease loss of myelin, muscle weakness
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| myasthenia gravis | overproduction of antibodys block vertain neurotransmitters
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| myelitis | inflammation of spinal cord
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| narcolepsy | uncontrollable laspses into deep sleep
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| neuritis | inflammation of nerves
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| occlusion | blocking of vessel
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| oligodendroglioma | gliokma formed from oligodendroglia
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| palsy | parallysis
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| paresthesia | abnormal sensation
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| parkinsons disease | degeneration of nerves cuz lack of suffiecient dopamine
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| radiculitis | inflammaiton of spinal nerve roots
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| sciatica | inflammation of sciatic nerve
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| shingles | viral disease affecting pn
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| somnambulism | sleep walk
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| somnolence | extreme sleepiness
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| spina bifida | congenital defect of spine
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| tay sachs disease | hearditary; deterioration in cns
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| thrombotic stroke | stroke caused by thrombus
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| tics | twithcing movements accompanied by nervous disorders
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| touretter syndrome | uncontrollable speech sounds and tics
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| transient ischemic attack | short incident
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| viral meningitis | meningitis caused by virus
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| cordotomy | removing part of spinal cord
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| craniectomy | removal of part of skull
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| craniotomy | incision into skll
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| lobectomy | removal of portion of brain
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| lobotomy | incision into frontal lobe of brain
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| neurectomy | removal of nerve
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| neuroplasty | repair of nerve
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| neurorrhaphy | suturing of severed nerve
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| neurosurgeon | specialist who performs surgery on brain and spinal cord
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| neurotomy | dissection of nerve
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| stereotaxy surgery | destruction of deep seated brain structures using 3d coordinates to locate
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| trephination | circular incision into skull
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| vagotomy | severing of vagus nerve
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| analgesic | relieves pain
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| anesthic | loss of feeling or sensation
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| anticonfulsant | prevents convulsion
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| hypnotic | induces sleep
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| narcotic | relieves pain by inducing stuporous state
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| saditive | relieves feeling of agitation
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