Islam (Cross)
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| Mecca | Spiritual center of Islam, Muhammed's hometown, Western Saudi Arabia
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| Kaaba | An ancient Islamic shrine believed to be built by the prophet Abraham
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| Khadija | Muhammed's wife
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| Quran | sacred word of God as revealed by Muhammed, final authority on all matters about God and life
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| Sharia | Islamic system of law, based on Quran.
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| People of the Book | Jews and Christians who believe in the same God
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| Hijra | 622 Muhammed leaves Mecca for Medina. Muhammed builds a following and later returns triumphantly to Mecca
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| Caliph | successor to Muhammed
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| Mosque | Islamic houses of worship
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| Hajj | Pilgrimage to Mecca
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| Fatima and Ali | Daughter and Son-in-law of Muhammed. Shiites believe they are the only true descendants of Muhammed.
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| Sufi | Muslim mystics who sought communion with God through fasting, meditation, and other rituals
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| Rabi-ah al-Adawiyya | Sufi, rejected marriage and devoted her life to prayer
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| Umayyads | Ruled Islam 661 -750 AD. Damascus. Islam spread to the Atlantic Ocean
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| Abu al-Abbas | Captured Damascus and Killed just about all Umayyads 750 AD
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| Harun al-Rashid | caliph 786-809 legendary for his wealth and leadership
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| Tamerlane | Mongol leader and muslim. Conquered Persia, India, Russia and Mesopotamia
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| Minaret | tower on mosque where prayers are called out
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| Sultan | Seljuk Turk Authority who controlled all of Islam
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| Dome of the Rock | most revered muslim site in Jerusalem. Site of where Abraham offered his son to God
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| Omar Khayyam | scholar and astronomer. wrote the Rubaiyat (book of poems)
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| The Thousand and One Nights | fictional tales narated by the Princess Schezerade "Aladin" and "Ali Baba"
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| Averroes | Cordoba Spain. Harmonized Greek philosophy with religion
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| Muhammad al-Razi | Head physician at Baghdad hospital. "treat the mind as well as the body" studied measles and smallpox
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| Avicenna | Persian physician Canons of Medicine: huge encyclopedia of Greek and Arab knowledge on medicine.
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