Drugs for ADHD
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| This is a disorder that manifests in early childhood with symptoms of hyepractivity, impulsivity, and/or inattention. symptoms can be cognitive, academic, behavioral, emotional, social funcitoning | ADHD
🗑
|
||||
| what is the first line DOC CLASS for school aged children (<6 years old ) and adolescents with uncomplicated ADHD | stimulants
🗑
|
||||
| what schedule class do stimulants fall under? | schedule II
🗑
|
||||
| schedule II stimulants can have what types of duration for drugs? | short, intermediate, and long acting
🗑
|
||||
| is the exact MOA for stimulants in treatment of ADHD known? | no
🗑
|
||||
| describe the different options for drugs for ADND | atomoxetine, alpha 2 adrenergic agonists, antidepressants, investigational
🗑
|
||||
| this is not a controlled substance, and is not scheduled | Atomoxetine
🗑
|
||||
| list the specific drugs that can be used to treat ADHD | methylphenidate, amphetamines,atomoxetine, guafacine, clonidine
🗑
|
||||
| this drug has multiple lengths of action. can come in short acting, or long acting, and different formulations. | methylphenidate
🗑
|
||||
| with short acting methylphenidate, how long does it take for effects to be seen, and what is the duration | 20-60 mins, duration is 3-5 hours.
🗑
|
||||
| list the different forms of long acting amphetamines which are available | single pulse wax matrix sustained release, sustained release capsules, osmotic release tablets, oral suspension, patch
🗑
|
||||
| these drugs are prescribed as a single salt (dextroamephetamine or a mixed salt (dextroamphethamine-amphetamine) salts | amphetamine. Also available in intermediate and long cting formulations: (intermediate acting up to six hours, longer acting up to ten hours)
🗑
|
||||
| what is the mechanism of action of amphetamine? | blocks VMAT
🗑
|
||||
| what is the mechanism of action of amphetamine? | blocks NET, reverses NET, blocks VMAT, reverses VMAT
🗑
|
||||
| what is the frequency of adverse drug reactions comparing emphetamines and methylphenidate? | frequency is similar for both
🗑
|
||||
| which has a greater decrease in weight over time, methylphenidate or mixed salt amphetamines | mixed salt amphetamines
🗑
|
||||
| adverse drug reactions occur more frequently in pre-school children or older children? | pre-school children
🗑
|
||||
| list some adverse effects of amphetamines | anorexia, weight loss, poor growth, slep disturbance, jitteriness, social withdrawal, development of tics, maybe CV effects.
🗑
|
||||
| stimulants are black boxed for what? | abuse potential and drug dependence
🗑
|
||||
| what are some contraindications to stimulants? | symptomatic CV disease, moderate to severe HTN, hyperthyroidism, known hypersensitivity or idiosyncrasy to sympathomimetic amines, motor tics and tourette syndrome, glaucoma, agitated states ,anxiety, history of drug abuse, concurrentusew/i2wks of MAOI
🗑
|
||||
| what is the mechanism of action of atomoxetine | blocks the reuptake of NE
🗑
|
||||
| when is atomoxetine used? | alternative to stimulants for children and adolescents when: substance abuse problems (patient or family) or severe side effects.
🗑
|
||||
| what is the duration of action of atomexetine? | 10-12 hrs
🗑
|
||||
| how long does it take for atomoxetine for initial response to occur? | 1-2 weeks, up to four weeks for maximal response. must be taken daily, no drug holidays
🗑
|
||||
| dose of atomoxetine depends on what? | Patient weight
🗑
|
||||
| atomoxetine metabolized by what CYP enzyme? | CYP2D6
🗑
|
||||
| list some adverse drug reactions for atomoxetine | weight loss, decreased appetitie, N/V, abdominal pain, dyspepsia, headache, dizziness, somnolence, irritability, CV?, tics, liver disease?
🗑
|
||||
| atomexatine is black boxed for what? | suicidal thinking
🗑
|
||||
| list some contraindications to atomexetine | hypersensitivity to atomexatine or any component, concurrent use/or within 2 weeks of MAOIs, glaucoma, current/past hisotry of pheochromocytoma, severe CV disorders that elevate blood pressure or HR
🗑
|
||||
| extended release clonidine or extended release guanfacine are part of what drug class? | alpha 2 adrenergic agonist
🗑
|
||||
| alpha 2 adrenergic agonists are reserved for use in which population? | children/adolescents who respond poorly, have unaccpetable side effects or comorbid conditions that preclude the use of stimulant or atomoxetine. may take up to 2 weeks for initial response.
🗑
|
||||
| this type of clonidine formulation may be used as stimulant adjunct therapy for over-aroused, easily frustrated, highly active, or aggressive individuals. | clinidine Extended release
🗑
|
||||
| what are some side effects for clonidine extended release? | sedation, depression, bradycardia, headache, and possible hypotesion
🗑
|
||||
| what are some side effects of ER clonidine | sedation, depression, bradycardia, headache, and possible hypotension
🗑
|
||||
| extended release guafacine can be used for what? | ADHD or adjunct for stimulation therapy. (once daily dosing)
🗑
|
||||
| what are some adverse effects of alpha 2 adrenergic agonists? | headache, fatigue, abdominal pain, and sedation
🗑
|
||||
| alpha 2 adrenergic agonists improve what conditions? | ADHD and comorbid tics
🗑
|
||||
| what is an off label antidepressant that can be used for ADHD? | dopamine reuptake inhibitors (buproprion)
🗑
|
||||
| how does buproprion work? | blocks the reuptake of NE and Dopamine. modest efficacy in decreasing hyperactivity and aggressive behavior. a
🗑
|
||||
| what are some adverse effects of buproprion | irritability, anorexia, insomnia, motor tics
🗑
|
||||
| what is another off label drug for ADHD | tricyclic antidepressants: inhibits reuptake of NE and seratonin, associated with adverse CV effects and anticholinergic effects
🗑
|
||||
| what are the drugs for investivational treatment of ADHD | donepezil, nicotinic analogues, modafanil (while useful compared to placebo, induces serious dermatologic (s-J) and psychological hallucinations.
🗑
|
||||
| modafinil is never used in what population? | children
🗑
|
||||
| what is the ADHD treatment drug of choice for adults? | stimulants are mainstay, but abuse potential encourages the trial of a non-stimulant first.
🗑
|
||||
| stimulants are more effective in adults or children? | children
🗑
|
||||
| cognitive functions may imnprove in adults taking this drug regardless of ADHD diagnosis | methylphenidate
🗑
|
||||
| what is an adverse drug reaction of stimulants in adults? | sleep disturbances (delayed onset of sleep)-common in ADHD adults that are untreated. there can also be sudden unexplained death/CV concerns
🗑
|
||||
| what is the first medication approved for adults that has no risk of suicide for adults? | atomoxetine
🗑
|
||||
| this drug class has limited data for use in adults with ADHD | antidepressants (buproprion and TCAs)but they have off label use
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
aferdo01
Popular Medical sets