Chapter 9 Vocabulary
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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Conquistador | name for the Spanish explorers who claimed land in the Americas for spain
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cultural convergence | the contact and interaction of one culture with another
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caudillo | a Latin american military dictator
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pampas | a grassland region in Argentina and uruguay
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cay | a small, low island or coral reef
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coral | the rock-like skeletons of tiny sea animals
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tropical storm | a storm with winds of at least 39 miles per hour
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hurricane | a destructive tropical storm that forms over the Atlantic ocean, usually in late summer and early fall, with winds of at least 74 miles per hour
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El Nino | a warm ocean current off south americas northwestern coast that influences global weather patterns
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canopy | the uppermost layer of a forest where tree branches meet.
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mestizo | a person of mixed European and Native American heritage
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mulatto | a person of mixed African and European ancestry
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Volcanoes | a break in earth's crust where magma and other material erupts from earth's interior
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Rain forest | a type of thick evergreen forest found in areas of heavy rainfall
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deserts | a geographic region with too little rainfall to support much plant life; also vegetation zone
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isthmus | a narrow strip of land that links two larger landmasses
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landmasses | a very large, unbroken area of land
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Volcanic Islands | an island formed when an underwater volcano builds up enough lava and ash to rise above sea level
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Plateaus | a raised area of land, such as a hill or mountain, with a flat top
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basin | a bowl-shaped depression, or hallow, in earth's surface
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climates | the pattern of weather over a long period of time
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temperate | moderate or mild, without extremes of hot or cold
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arid | dry or lacking rainfall; also a climate or climate zone that is hot and dry all year with very little rain
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semiarid | dry, with little rainfall; also a climate or climate zone with hot, dry summers and cool, dry winters
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tropical wet and dry | a climate or climate zone that is hot all year with rainy and dry seasons
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ecosystem | a community of all the living things in an area and the environment in which they live
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cloud forest | a type of high-altitude, tropical forest that is usually covered by clouds or mist
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hurricanes | the name for a tropical cyclone that begins in the Atlantic ocean
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broad leaf evergreen forest | a vegetation zone of mainly tall trees that remain green all year; also refers to the type of vegetation in this zone
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Desert scrub | a vegetation zone of mainly small trees, bushes, and other plants adapted to a dry climates; also refers to the type of vegetation in this zone
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tropical grasslands | vegetation or a vegetation zone of mainly grasses and scattered trees adapted to a tropical wet and dry climate
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vegetation zone | a large area of earth with a certain mix of plants and trees that are adapted to similar conditions
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forest floor | a bottom layer, or ground, of a forest
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temperate grasslands | vegetation or a vegetation zone of mainly grasses and scattered trees adapted to a tropical wet and dry climate
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empire | a group of territories, peoples, or nations ruled by a single authority
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dictator | a leader who governs by force, without the consent of the people
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urban | found or live in a city
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natural resources | a useful material that is found in nature, such as water, wood, coal, or oil
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economic activities | any action that relates to the marking,buying, and selling of goods and services
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livestock raising | raising animals for food, milk, wool, or other products
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subsistence farming | farming carried out mainly to provide food for farm families, with little surplus for sale to others
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barter | conducting trade by exchanging goods or services instead of money
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hydro electric power | electricity that is generated from the power of moving water
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commercial farming | raising crops for sale, often with the use of large ships
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plantations | a large farm, especially in a hot area
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forestry | the planting, growing, and harvesting of trees
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tourism | travel for pleasure rather than business or necessity; also, the business of organizing such travel
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