Endocrine system
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| Endocrine | Glands that secrecte hormones within
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| Hormones | Chemical catalysts
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| Catalyst | Anything causing a reaction to occur
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| The endocrine glands include: | 1.)Pituitary gland
2.)Thyroid gland
3.)Parathyroid glands
4.)Adrenal glands
5.)Pancreas
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| The pituitary gland is AKA the | Hypohysis
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| The pituitary (hypophysis) is AKA the | "master gland"
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| The pituitary (hypophysis) is called the "master gland"because | It controls other endocrine glands by secreting hormones
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| The pituitary gland(hypophysis)is the size of a | Pea
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| Hormones secreted by the pituitary(hypophysis)include: | 1.)GH(which stands for Growth Hormone)
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| Growth hormone (GH)sumulates | growth AND development of the body
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| ACTH which stands for | AdrenoCorticoTropic hormone
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| AdrenoCorticoTropic hormone(ACTH)stimulates glands to secrete their | Hormones
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| Hormones secreted from the adRENAL glands are AKA | Steroids
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| TSH which stands for | Thyroid Stimulating Hormone
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| Thyroid Stimulating Hormone(TSH)is AKA | Thyrotropin OR T7 stimulates the thyroid gland to secrete it's hormones
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| Gonadotropic hormone | Gonadotropic hormone aids in the development of the secondary sexual characteristics
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| Prolactin | Prolactin is AKA lactogenic hormone
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| prolactin(LACTogenic hormone)stimulates | Breast development AND milk production in women
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| OT which stands for | Oxytocin
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| Oxytocin(OT)stimulates | Uterine contractions during labor
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| Synthetic Oxytocin (OT)is called | Pitocin("pit drip")
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| Synthetic means | Artificially made
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| Pitocin is used to | Induce(start)labor
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| ADH which stands for | Anidiuretic Hormone
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| Anidiuretic Hormone(ADH) | stimulates the kidneys to reabsorb water
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| FSH which stands for | Follicle Stimulating Hormone
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| Follicle Stimulating Hormone(FSH)simulates the | Maturation of an oocyte (egg cell) into a follicle AND released as an ovum(egg)
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| The thyroid gland is located adjacent(next)to the larynx AKA | Vocal cords
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| The thyroid gland has sections called | Lobes
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| Hormones secreted by the thyroid gland include: | 1.)Thyroxine(Thyroxine is AKA T3+T4
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| Thyroxine(T3+T4) has a direct influence on | Metabolism
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| Metabolism is the | Rate at which the body burn energy
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| A sythetic Thyroxine(T3+T4)is called | Synthroid(levothyroxine)
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| Myxedema | A condition of deficient thyroxine(T3+T4)AKA Hypohyroidism
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| Grave's disease(GD) | A condition of excessive thyroxine(T3+T4)AKA hyperthyroidism
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| Calcitonin | Calcitonin is a hormone that stimulates the bones to absorb calcium(Ca)
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| A synthetic Calcitonin is called | Miacalcin
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| Calcitonin is not | Calcium(Ca)
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| The parathyroid glands are located | posterior to the thyroid gland
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| The hormone secreted by the parathyroid glands is | Parathyroid Hormone(PTH)
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| Parathyroid Hormone(PTH) stimulates the | Bones to release calcium(Ca) into the bloodstream
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| Parathyroid Hormone(PTH)will be secreted when | Blood Calcium(Ca)levels fall
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| Blood calcium(Ca)levels will fall when | A person does not ingest enough daily dietary calcium(Ca)
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| A blood condition of deficient calcium(Ca)is called | Hypocalcemia AKA calcipenia
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| Foods rich in calcium include: | dairy,spinach,broccoli,sardines
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| Te Recommended Daily Allowance(RDA)of Calcium(Ca) can be acquired by consuming | Three/four-8 ounce(oz)glasses of milk OR the equivalent every day
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| Homeostasis refers to a continuous struggle to maintain a | metabolic balance in the body
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| The body will try to maintain Calcium (Ca) homeostasis by | Releasing ParaThyroid Hormone(PTH)if you do not inest enough daily dietary calcium(Ca)
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| The ParaThyroid Hormone(PTH)will cause the bones to | Release Calcium(Ca) into the bloodstream
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| The tissue that has priority for the calcium(Ca)stored in the bones is | Muscle(heart)
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| Over time,Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)can cause | Osteomalacia AND osteoporosis
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| The adRENAL glands are located in the | Suprarenal areas
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| Suprarenal means | Above a kidney
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| Hormones secreted by the adrenal glands include: | 1.)Cortisol
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| The functions of the cortisol include: | A.)Aids with the adverse effects of stress
B.)Aids in the metabolism o carbohydrates,fats AND proteins
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| Carbohydrates are necessary for | Energy
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| Fats are necessary for | The absorption of certain vitamins
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| Proteins are necessary for | Growth AND repair
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| Aldosterone | Aldosterone is necessary for the regulation of the body salts
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| The salts of the body are AKA | Electrolytes("lytes")include:
1.)Sodium(Na)
2.)Potassium(K)
3.)Chloride(CL)
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| Adrenaline | Adrenaline is AKA Epinephrine("epi")
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| The secretion of adrenaline(epiNEPHRine)promotes a | "fight or flight"responce
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| The"fight or flight response" includes: | A.)Fast heart (pulse)
B.)Tachypnea AKA
fast breathing
Pupil dilation
pallor AKA paleness
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| Bronchodilation AKA | Increased diameter of the airways
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| The tachycardia,tachypnea,bronchodilation,AND pallor aid the body with | Increased respiration AND delivery of the oxygenated blood to tissues
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| Respiration means | The exchange of the gasesO2(oxygen)AND CO2(carbon dioxide)
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| The pupils dilate to | Increase your Visual Field(VF)
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| Pallor is caused by | Shunting of blood from the periphery to the major organs AND large muscle groups
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| Shunting means to | Divert or redirect
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| Cushing's syndrome | A condition of hyperadrenalism
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| Addison's disease | A condition of hypoadrenalism
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| The pancreas is located | Retrogastric
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| Retrogastric means | Posterior to the stomach
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| A hormone excreted by the pancreas is | Insulin
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| Insulin is necessary to open the cellular | door for glucose
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| Insulin is released | when Blood Sugar(BS)rises
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| Diabetes mellitus(DM) | Insulin deficiency OR insulin resistance
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| A synthetic insulin is called | Humulin
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| Cortex | Outer
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| Adrencorticohyperplasia | Excessive development of the adrenal cortex
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| Adrenopathy | A disease condition of an adrenal gland
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| Endocrinologist | Specialist in the study of the endocrine system
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| Endocrinopathy | Any disease condition of the endocrine system
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| Grave's disease(GD)can cause an abnormal protrusion of the eyeballs called | Exophthalmous (exophthalmic)
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| Polydipsia | A condition of excessive thirst
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| Polyuria | A condition of excessive urination
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| Polyphagia | A condition of excessive hunger
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| Adrenalectomy | Surgical removal of an adrenal gland
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| Parathyroidectomy | Surgical removal of a parathyroid gland(s)
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| Thyroidotomy | Surgical incision of the thyroid gland
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| Thyroparathyroidectomy | Surgical removal of the thyroid gland AND parathyroid gland(s)
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| Acromegaly | Enlargement of the extremities
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| Adrenalitis | Inflammation of the adrenal gland
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| HyperCALcemia | Blood condition of excessive calcium
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| Hyperglycemia | Blood condition of excessive SUGAR
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| Hyperkalemia | A blood condition of excessive potassium(K)
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| HypoNAtremia | A blood condition of deficient sodium(Na)
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| Thyroid scan | X-ray of the thyroid using a radioactive contrast
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| Which department will perform this test? | Nuclear medicine
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| Materials that illuminate when exposed to X-rays are called | Radiopaque OR contrast material
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| Thyroid ultrasound | A diagnostic image of the thyroid using sound waves
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| Exocrine glands | Glands that secrete out
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| Exocrine glands include: | A.)Sebaceous glands which produce sebum(oil)
B.)Sudoriferous glands which produce sweat
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| Cerumenous glands which produce | Cerumen(ear wax)
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| Lacrimal glands which produce | Tears
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| BS | Blood Sugar(glutose)OR
Bowel Sounds OR
Breath Sounds
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| FBS | Fasting Blood Sugar
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| GTT | Glutose Tolerance test
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| gt | A drop
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| gtt | Drops
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| Ca OR CA | Calcium OR Cancer
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| I | Iodine
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| PBI | Protein Bound Iodine
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| RAIU | RadioActive Iodine Uptake
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| Anytime you see the term IODINE(I)in a test it will usually refer to the | Thyroid gland
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| TFT | Thyroid function Tests
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| When you see the a medical word that has(TROPIN) in it, it's a clue that means | I come from the Pituitary gland
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