Anatomy Chp 8-Joints
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| How are joints classified? | by their freedom of movement and how bones are joined
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| How does a diarthrosis joint move? | moves freely (dia=through, apart)
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| How does a amphiarthrosis joint move? | slightly moveable (amphi=both sides)
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| How does a synarthrosis joint move | just a little or no movement (syn=together, arthro=joint)
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| How are synovial joints joined? | synovial cavity that contains fluid
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| joint in which two bones are separated by a space called a joint cavity | synovial joints
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| What is the movement like for synovial joints | most are diarthrosis - move freely
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| what do tendons hold together | muscle and bones
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| what do ligaments hold together | bones to bones
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| what is a meniscus | a pad of fibrocartilage
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| What are the six structures of a synovial joint? | articular cartilage, articular capsule, synovial fluid, menisucs, tendons, ligaments
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| saclike extension of a joint capsule that allows structures to slide more easily past each other | bursa (means "purse")
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| elongated cylinders of connective tissue line with synovial membran and wrapped around a tendon - like a bun on a hot dog | tendon sheath
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| What two things affect the movement at synovial joints | origin and insertion of the attached bones
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| what does flexion do to the angle of a joint | decrease the angle - brings boens closer together
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| what does extension do to the angle of a joint | increases the angle - bones move farther apart
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| what is meant by hyperextension | extending beyond 180 degrees
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| what is dorsiflexion | raising the toes towards towards the shin
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| what is a combination of flexion, abduction, extension and adduction movements | circumduction
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| what is supination | rotation of the forearm into anatomical position
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| what is pronation | rotation of the forearm out of anatomical position
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| inversion | sole of the foot turned medially
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| eversion | soles of the foot turned laterally
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| protraction | movement of a bone anteriorly (forward) on a horizontal plane
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| retraction | movement of a bone posteriorly
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| opposition | move thumb to touch the fingertips
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| ______________ is natural in anatomical position | extension
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| tendon sheaths and bursae dissipate | heat and friction
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| joint where smooth head fits within a cuplike depression | ball-and-socket joint
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| What type of joint is between the head of the humerus and the glenoid cavity of the scapula | ball-and-socket joint
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| this joint is said to be three in one | knee joint
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| What do the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments do for the knee joint | limit anterior and posterior sliding movements
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| what do themedial and lateral collateral ligaments do for the knee joint | prevent rotation of extended knee
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| What is special about the glenohumeral joint | most freely movable joint in the body because of shallow glenoid and loose capsule
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