Anatomy Chp 5
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| keratinocyte | stratified squamous cell that makes keratin
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| melanocyte | stratified squamous cell that produces melanin for skin color
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| langerhans' cell | stratified squamous cell which is a modied white blood cell which is the skin's second line of defense after the top layer of epidermis
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| merkel cells | stratified squamous cell that is a sensory neuron that detects light pressure
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| top layer of epidermis | stratum corneum
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| 2nd layer down of epidermis | stratum lucidum (very thin layers)
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| 3rd layer down of epidermis | stratum granulosum
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| 4th layer down of epidermis | stratum spinosum
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| bottom layer of epidermis | stratum basal
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| What makes up the stratum basal? | stem cells, keratinocytes, melanocytes, merkel cells
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| How many layers is the stratum basal? | one layer of cuboidal or columnar keratinocytes
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| What makes up the stratum spinosum? | layers of keratinocytes and langerhans cells
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| What does the stratum spinosum appear spiky? | cells shrink as they move upward and the desmosomes stretch out as strands to hold them together
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| What is the stratum granulosa made of? | 3-5 layers of flat keratinocytes; karetinohyalin granules and lamellar granules for waterproofing
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| What layer of the epidermis do the cells begin to go through apoptosis? | stratum granulosa
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| What is the stratum lucidum made of? | thin translucent zone of flat, dead, keratinocytes
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| Where is stratum lucidum found? | only in very thick skin - palms and feet
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| What is the stratum corneum made of? | up to 30 layers of dead, scaly keratinized cells and lamellar granules for waterproofing
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| What is the dermis made of? | connective tissue, collagen and elastic fibers
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| What and where is the dermis papillae? | top layer of the dermis that is made of areola connective tissue and it forms ridges for your fingerprints (looks like villi)
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| What are the two main layers of the dermis | papillary layer and reticular layer of dense irregular tissue
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| Does the dermis include hair, oil and sweat glands? | yes
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| What is the hypodermis? | layer under the dermis made of fascia which is a special type of areola connective tissue
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| What type of cells in the hypodermis mainly made of? | adipose tissue
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| Does the dermis papillae have a rich blood supply? | yes
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| Does the epidermis have a rich blood supply | no - gets blood from papillae
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| Why do people have different skin colors? | because of different amounts of proteins such as melanin, carotene and hemoglobin that are made
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| What color hue does carotene give? | yelow to organge
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| What color does hemoglobin give? | pinkish hue
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| cyanosis | blueness from low oxygen
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| erythema | redness from vasodialation
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| jaundice | yellow from excess billirubin in the blood
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| Pallor | pale from lack of blood flow
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| albinism | genetic lack of melanin
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| hematoma | bruise, visible clotted blood
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| sebaceous glands | oil glands
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| ceruminous glands | ear wax
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| What is the shape and function of apocrine gland | larger tubular gland that produces sweat containing fatty acids in response to stress
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| Where are apocrine glands found | armpits, chest, groin
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| What kind of gland is a mammary gland | modified aprocrine sweat gland in the breasts
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| What is human hair composed of? | hard keratin
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| On what type of skin is human hair found? | on all thin skin, never thick skin
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| Where does hair go through mitotic growth? | at the root
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| Where does a hair follicle get nutrients? | base of the follicle in the bulb there are lots of vacular papilla
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Created by:
edeboo