Rowe-W. Geography, Weeks 1-7, CHS
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| absolute location | The exact position of a place on the earth's surface as identified by latitude and longitude.
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| atmosphere | A layer of gases that surrounds the earth.
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| autocracy | Government by one person.
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| biosphere | The part of the earth where life exists
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| birthrate | The number of births per year for every 1,000 people.
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| command economy | Type of economy in which the government makes all the production decisions.
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| commercial farming | Farming organized as a business; growing crops to sell.
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| communism | A type of command economy in which the government controls all elements of society.
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| condensation | The process of excess water vapor changing into liquid water when warm air cools.
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| Coriolis effect | An effect that causes the prevailing winds to blow diagonally rather than along strict north-south or east-west lines.
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| cultural diffusion | The spread of new knowledge and skills from one culture to another.
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| cultural hearths | A center where cultures developed and from which ideas and traditions spread outward - China, Egypt, India (Pakistan), Mesopotamia (Iraq), and Middle America.
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| culture | Way of life of a group of people who share beliefs and similar customs.
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| death rate | The number of deaths per year for every 1,000 people.
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| democracy | Government by many or even all people.
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| desalination | The removal of salt water from sea water to make it usable for drinking and farming.
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| developed countries | Countries advanced in technology and manufacturing and with a high standard of living.
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| developing countries | Countries behind in technological advances and manufacturing; lots of poverty; these countries have low levels of industrialization.
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| dictatorship | A type of autocracy in which an individual has seized power through force.
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| doldrums | Windless areas around the equator.
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| economy | System by which goods and services are produced and distributed to meet people's needs.
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| equinox | The time when day and night are of equal length.
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| erosion | Wearing away of the Earth's surface by wind, flowing water, and glaciers.
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| ethnic group | Group of people who share common ancestry, language, religion, customs, or a combination of such characteristics.
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| evaporation | Process of converting water into vapor.
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| federal system | Type of government in which power is shared between the national and state levels of governments.
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| formal region | A region defined by a common characteristic, such as production of a product.
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| functional region | A central point and the surrounding territory linked to it.
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| government | The institution through which the state maintains social order, provides public services, and enforces binding decisions on citizens.
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| greenhouse effect | The capacity of certain gases in the atmosphere to trap heat, thereby warming the earth.
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| How does Earth's tilt and revolution affect the seasons? | It affects the amount of direct sunlight that the earth receives which causes the seasons.
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| How much of Earth's water is freshwater? | about 3%
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| human-environment interaction | The study of the inter-relationship between people and their physical environment.
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| hydrosphere | The watery areas of the earth, including oceans, lakes, rivers, and other bodies of water.
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| imports/exports | Commodities sent to or brought in from outside countries.
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| industrialization | The process of increasing the amount of industry in a country; the spread of industry.
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| leeward side | The side of the mountain facing away from the wind.
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| lithosphere | Surface land areas of the earth's crust, including continents and ocean basins.
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| market economy | Type of economy which allows for private ownership and in which consumers make the production decisions.
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| migration | The movement of people from place to place.
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| monarchy | A type of autocracy in which a king or queen rules the country.
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| movement | People, goods, and ideas get around.
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| nonrenewable resources | Resources that cannot be replaced; oil and coal are examples.
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| oligarchy | Government by only a few people.
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| place | What a location is like both physically and culturally.
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| population distribution | The pattern of population in a country, a continent, or the world.
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| precipitation | Moisture that falls to the earth as rain, sleet, hail, or snow.
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| primary economic activities | Jobs related to the extraction of raw materials; examples include farming, mining, and fishing.
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| quaternary economic activities | Jobs focused on the processing, management, and distribution of information; computer programmers, and phone application designers are examples.
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| rain shadow effect | When wind hits the windward side of the mountain, all the moisture is left there and the wind continues to the leeward side of the mountain as hot, dry air.
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| relative location | Location in relation to other places; for example, Mexico is south of Texas.
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| renewable resources | Resources that can be replaced; wind, hydroelectric, and solar power are examples.
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| republic | A type of democracy in which citizens elect representatives to vote on laws.
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| Ring of Fire | An area around the Pacific Ocean that has the largest occurrence of earthquakes and volcano eruptions in the world.
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| secondary economic activities | Jobs are focused on manufacturing foods from raw materials; industrial, and construction activities.
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| subsistence farming | Producing just enough food for a family or a village to survive; growing food for local consumption.
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| summer solstice | When sunlight is directly hitting the Tropic of Cancer; the longest day of the year in the Northern Hemisphere.
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| tertiary economic activities | Service industry jobs; jobs are focused on providing services to consumers; teacher, truck drivers, and nurses are examples.
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| core | The inner layer of the Earth.
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| mantle | The middle layer of the Earth made of magma.
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| crust | The outer layer of the Earth.
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| To what degree is Earth tilted? How does this effect temperature? | 23.5 degrees; not all places on Earth receive the same amount of sunlight.
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| traditional economy | The type of economy in which production and consumption decisions are made according to custom.
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| unitary system | Type of government in which all power is held at the national level.
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| water cycle | Evaporation, condensation, precipitation; the amount of water on Earth never changes, but it simply changes form and location.
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| What and when was the Agricultural Revolution? | When people started farming- 8000 BC.
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| What and when was the Industrial Revolution? | When people started using powered machines - 1750 AD.
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| What and when was the Information Revolution? | When people started using computers - 1980 AD.
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| What are the 5 factors that effect climate? | latitude; elevation; prevailing winds; ocean currents; land forms, and bodies of water
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| What are the 5 themes of geography? | location; place; movement; human environment interaction; region
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| What are the different types of economies? | market, command, mixed, and traditional
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| What are the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn? | The Tropic of Cancer is located at 23.5 degrees N and the Tropic of Capricorn is located at 23.5 degrees S - the lowest and highest points of latitude to receive direct sunlight.
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| What are the two main elements of culture? | language and religion
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| What is a Constitution? | A written plan for government.
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| What is continental drift? | The theory that the continents were once joined in a single continent called Pangaea and then slowly drifted apart.
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| What is Earth's axis? | The point that it rotates on; each rotation takes 24 hours a day.
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| What is Earth's revolution? | The trip the Earth makes around the sun yearly; 365 and 1/4 days.
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| What is plate tectonics? | The term scientists use to describe the theory that the crust of the Earth is make of huge slabs of rock which move apart and crash together.
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| What is the difference between weather and climate? | The weather is the condition of the atmosphere at a given place and time; weather conditions over a long period of time are called climate.
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| What is the highest point on earth? | Mt. Everest
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| What is the main factor in determining the climate of an area? | latitude
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| What is the major source of pollution? | the burning of fossil fuels
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| What is the predominant religion (and branch) and language in Latin America? | Christianity - Roman Catholic- Spanish
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| What is the predominant religion (and branch) and language in North America? | Christianity - Protestant - English
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| What is the predominant religion and language in North Africa, Southwest Asia, and Central Asia? | Islam - Arabic
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| What percentage of the earth is water? | 70%
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| What are the different types of governments? | autocracy, oligarchy, democracy
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| What three things can be explained by the theory of plate tectonics? | mountains, volcanoes, and earthquakes
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| When did Columbus "discover America? | 1492 AD
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| When did Da Gama sail around Africa to India? | 1497 AD
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| When did the first four culture hearth civilizations begin? | 4000 BC
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| When did Viking colonization of North America fail and the Middle America culture hearth start? | 1000 AD
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| When was the Constitution of the United States ratified? | 1787
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| When was the Declaration of Independence signed? | 1776
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| Which country in Europe did Columbus sail from? | Spain
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| Which country in Europe did Da Gama sail from? | Portugal
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| Which two events started the Modern Age and led to Europe taking control of the world? | Columbus and Da Gama's voyages
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| Why is trade necessary? | Resources are not evenly distributed among countries.
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| windward side | The side of the mountain facing the wind.
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| winter solstice | When sunlight is directly hitting the Tropic of Capricorn; the longest night of the year in the Northern Hemisphere.
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