First Aid - Pharm 4
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| which anticholinesterase is extremely short acting | Edrophonium
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| Cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning;;symps | DUMBBEL ASS.;;Diarrhea, Urination, Miosis, ;Bronchospasm, Bradycardia, Excitation of skeletal ;muscle and CNS, Lacrimation, Abdominal cramping, Sweating, and Salivation
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| Cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning;;Tx | Atropine (muscarinic antagonist) plus pralidoxime
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| chemical antagonist used to regenerate active cholinesterase | pralidoxime
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| pralidoxime;;uses and mech | Cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning;;chemical antagonist used to regenerate active cholinesterase
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| Parathion | organophosphate
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| organophosphate toxicity mech | Irreversible Cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning
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| Atropine, ;;mech | Muscarinic antagonist
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| Benztropine ;;mech | Muscarinic antagonist
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| Scopolamine ;;mech | Muscarinic antagonist
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| Ipratropium ;;mech | Muscarinic antagonist
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| Methscopolamine, ;oxybutin, ;glycopyrrolate ;;mech | Muscarinic antagonist
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| Atropine;;clinical use | Produce mydriasis and cycloplegia
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| Benztropine ;;clinical use | Parkinson’s disease
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| Scopolamine ;;clinical use | Motion sickness
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| Ipratropium ;;clinical use | Asthma, COPD
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| Methscopolamine, ;oxybutin, ;glycopyrrolate ;;clinical use | Reduce urgency in mild cystitis and reduce bladder spasms
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| Glaucoma drugs mech and side effects;;Epinephrine | ↑ outflow of aqueous humor ;;Mydriasis, stinging; do not use;in closed-angle glaucoma
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| Glaucoma drugs mech and side effects;;Brimonidine | ↓ aqueous humor synthesis ;;No pupillary or vision changes
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| Glaucoma drugs mech and side effects;;β-blockers | ↓ aqueous humor secretion ;;No pupillary or vision changes
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| Glaucoma drugs mech and side effects;;Acetazolamide | ↓ aqueous humor secretion due to ;↓ HCO3− (via inhibition of carbonic anhydrase);;No pupillary or vision changes
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| Glaucoma drugs mech and side effects;;Cholinomimetics | ↑ outflow of aqueous humor; contract ciliary muscle and open trabecular meshwork;;;Miosis, cyclospasm
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| Glaucoma drugs mech and side effects;;Latanoprost (PGF2α) | ↑ outflow of aqueous humor;;Darkens color of iris (browning)
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| which glaucoma drug ↑ outflow of aqueous humor | Epinephrine;;Cholinomimetics;;Prostaglandin (Latanoprost ;(PGF2α))
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| which glaucoma drug ↓ aqueous humor synthesis | Brimonidine
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| which glaucoma drug ↓ aqueous humor secretion | β-blockers: Timolol, betaxolol, ;carteolol;;Diuretics: Acetazolamide
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| which glaucoma drug causes Mydriasis, stinging; do not use;in closed-angle glaucoma | Epinephrine
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| which glaucoma drug causes Miosis, cyclospasm | Cholinomimetics
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| which glaucoma drug causes Darkens color of iris (browning) | Prostaglandin: Latanoprost ;(PGF2α)
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| Atropine effects | dilates pupils and Blocks SLUD: ;↓Salivation;↓Lacrimation;↓Urination;↓Defecation
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| Atropine Toxicity | Hot as a hare;Dry as a bone;Red as a beet;Blind as a bat;Mad as a hatter
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| Can cause acute angle-closure glaucoma in elderly, urinary retention in men with prostatic hypertrophy, and hyperthermia ;in infants. | Atropine
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| Hexamethonium;;Mechanism | Nicotinic ACh receptor antagonist. Ganglionic blocker.
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| Hexamethonium;;Clinical use | Ganglionic blocker. Used in experimental models to prevent vagal reflex responses to ;changes in blood pressure– –e.g., prevents reflex bradycardia caused by NE.
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| prevents reflex bradycardia caused by NE | Hexamethonium
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| Used in experimental models to prevent vagal reflex responses to ;changes in blood pressure | Hexamethonium
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| selectivity for Sympathomimetics;;Epinephrine | α1, α2, β1, β2, low doses selective for β1
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| selectivity for Sympathomimetics;;NE | α1, α2 >β1
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| selectivity for Sympathomimetics;;;Isoproterenol | β1 =β2
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| selectivity for;Sympathomimetics;;Dopamine | D1 = D2 >β >α
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| selectivity for Sympathomimetics;;Dobutamine | β1 >β2
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| Mechanism for Sympathomimetics;;Amphetamine | Indirect general agonist, releases stored ;catecholamines
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| Mechanism for Sympathomimetics;;Ephedrine | Indirect general agonist, releases stored ;catecholamines
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| Mechanism forSympathomimetics;;Cocaine | Indirect general agonist, uptake inhibitor
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| Mechanism for Sympathomimetics;;Clonidine, α-methyldopa | Centrally acting α-agonist, ↓ central ;adrenergic outflow
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