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| which anticholinesterase is extremely short acting |
Edrophonium |
| Cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning;;symps |
DUMBBEL ASS.;;Diarrhea, Urination, Miosis, ;Bronchospasm, Bradycardia, Excitation of skeletal ;muscle and CNS, Lacrimation, Abdominal cramping, Sweating, and Salivation |
| Cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning;;Tx |
Atropine (muscarinic antagonist) plus pralidoxime |
| chemical antagonist used to regenerate active cholinesterase |
pralidoxime |
| pralidoxime;;uses and mech |
Cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning;;chemical antagonist used to regenerate active cholinesterase |
| Parathion |
organophosphate |
| organophosphate toxicity mech |
Irreversible Cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning |
| Atropine, ;;mech |
Muscarinic antagonist |
| Benztropine ;;mech |
Muscarinic antagonist |
| Scopolamine ;;mech |
Muscarinic antagonist |
| Ipratropium ;;mech |
Muscarinic antagonist |
| Methscopolamine, ;oxybutin, ;glycopyrrolate ;;mech |
Muscarinic antagonist |
| Atropine;;clinical use |
Produce mydriasis and cycloplegia |
| Benztropine ;;clinical use |
Parkinson’s disease |
| Scopolamine ;;clinical use |
Motion sickness |
| Ipratropium ;;clinical use |
Asthma, COPD |
| Methscopolamine, ;oxybutin, ;glycopyrrolate ;;clinical use |
Reduce urgency in mild cystitis and reduce bladder spasms |
| Glaucoma drugs mech and side effects;;Epinephrine |
↑ outflow of aqueous humor ;;Mydriasis, stinging; do not use;in closed-angle glaucoma |
| Glaucoma drugs mech and side effects;;Brimonidine |
↓ aqueous humor synthesis ;;No pupillary or vision changes |
| Glaucoma drugs mech and side effects;;β-blockers |
↓ aqueous humor secretion ;;No pupillary or vision changes |
| Glaucoma drugs mech and side effects;;Acetazolamide |
↓ aqueous humor secretion due to ;↓ HCO3− (via inhibition of carbonic anhydrase);;No pupillary or vision changes |
| Glaucoma drugs mech and side effects;;Cholinomimetics |
↑ outflow of aqueous humor; contract ciliary muscle and open trabecular meshwork;;;Miosis, cyclospasm |
| Glaucoma drugs mech and side effects;;Latanoprost (PGF2α) |
↑ outflow of aqueous humor;;Darkens color of iris (browning) |
| which glaucoma drug ↑ outflow of aqueous humor |
Epinephrine;;Cholinomimetics;;Prostaglandin (Latanoprost ;(PGF2α)) |
| which glaucoma drug ↓ aqueous humor synthesis |
Brimonidine |
| which glaucoma drug ↓ aqueous humor secretion |
β-blockers: Timolol, betaxolol, ;carteolol;;Diuretics: Acetazolamide |
| which glaucoma drug causes Mydriasis, stinging; do not use;in closed-angle glaucoma |
Epinephrine |
| which glaucoma drug causes Miosis, cyclospasm |
Cholinomimetics |
| which glaucoma drug causes Darkens color of iris (browning) |
Prostaglandin: Latanoprost ;(PGF2α) |
| Atropine effects |
dilates pupils and Blocks SLUD: ;↓Salivation;↓Lacrimation;↓Urination;↓Defecation |
| Atropine Toxicity |
Hot as a hare;Dry as a bone;Red as a beet;Blind as a bat;Mad as a hatter |
| Can cause acute angle-closure glaucoma in elderly, urinary retention in men with prostatic hypertrophy, and hyperthermia ;in infants. |
Atropine |
| Hexamethonium;;Mechanism |
Nicotinic ACh receptor antagonist. Ganglionic blocker. |
| Hexamethonium;;Clinical use |
Ganglionic blocker. Used in experimental models to prevent vagal reflex responses to ;changes in blood pressure– –e.g., prevents reflex bradycardia caused by NE. |
| prevents reflex bradycardia caused by NE |
Hexamethonium |
| Used in experimental models to prevent vagal reflex responses to ;changes in blood pressure |
Hexamethonium |
| selectivity for Sympathomimetics;;Epinephrine |
α1, α2, β1, β2, low doses selective for β1 |
| selectivity for Sympathomimetics;;NE |
α1, α2 >β1 |
| selectivity for Sympathomimetics;;;Isoproterenol |
β1 =β2 |
| selectivity for;Sympathomimetics;;Dopamine |
D1 = D2 >β >α |
| selectivity for Sympathomimetics;;Dobutamine |
β1 >β2 |
| Mechanism for Sympathomimetics;;Amphetamine |
Indirect general agonist, releases stored ;catecholamines |
| Mechanism for Sympathomimetics;;Ephedrine |
Indirect general agonist, releases stored ;catecholamines |
| Mechanism forSympathomimetics;;Cocaine |
Indirect general agonist, uptake inhibitor |
| Mechanism for Sympathomimetics;;Clonidine, α-methyldopa |
Centrally acting α-agonist, ↓ central ;adrenergic outflow |
