vital signs
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Characteristics of Heart Measurement | Rate, Rhythm (steady or irreg), Force/Strength/Amplitude, Elasticity
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| Pulse Points on body | radial, apical, temporal, carotid, brachial, elnar, femoral, popliteal, posterior tibialis, dorsalis pedis
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| Normal adult pulse rate | 50-100bpm
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| Adolescent pulse v. adult pulse rate | slower
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| infant-school age v. adult pulse rates | faster
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| Characteristics of respiratory measurements | rate (breaths/min), depth (normal, shallow, deep, whooping/huffing), effort/quality (effortless, strenuous/laborious), rhythm (even?)
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| normal adult resp. rates | 12-20 breaths/min
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| adolescent v. adult resp. rate | less
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| infant-school age v. adult resp rate | more
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| systole | VENTRICULAR contraction
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| diastole | ventricular relaxation
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| pulse pressure | the difference between SBP and DBP
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| normal adult BP | 120/80
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| infant-adolescents BP v. adults bp | always lower.. bp rises with age
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| hypertension values adult | 140/90 (increased SBP, DBP or both)
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| hypotension values adult | SBP<90 (no low point for dbp)
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| orthostatic hypotension | SBP drop >15-20
DBP drop >10
Increased heart rate >20bpm
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| bp cuff size: too small | false high reading
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| bp cuff size: too big | false low reading
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| bp cuff inflation: too long; cut off circulation | false low, circ. gone too long
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| bp cuff deflation: too fast | miss circ. sounds
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| do not take bp on an arm: | 1) with an IV, 2) with a dialysis shunt 3) on side of a radical mastectomy 4) paralysis (decreased circulation) 5) with a cast..... if these conditions appear bilat; try thigh cuff
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| thermoregulation happens where in brain | hypothalamus (regulates..)
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| internal factors effecting BMR (basal met. rate) | *thyroid hormoes, *norepinephrine/epinephrine, *testosterone
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| Circadian rhythm: body temp lowest | Circadian rhythm: 2-3am
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| circadian rhythm: body temp highest | circadian rhythm: 4-5pm
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| elderly av. temp | 97*F
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| normal adult temp range | 36-38*C, 97.6-100.4*F
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| av. oral temp | 37*C, 98.8*F
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| av. rectal temp | 37.5*C, 99.5*F most accurate
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| av. axillary temp | 36.5*C, 97.7*F
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