vocab
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| 1.geography | the study of earth surface and the processes that shape it,the connenctions between places and the complex relationship between people an thier environments
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| 2.GIS | a geograpic information system which uses computer technology to collect and analyze data about earth surface inn order to solve geographic problems
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| 3.absolute location | the position on the earth in which a place can be found
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| 4.hemisphere | a half of the earth the equator divides the northern an southern hemispheres the prime meridian divides the eastern and westren hemisphers
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| 5.relative location | the position of a place in relation another place
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| 6.character of a place | the physical and human characteristics that help to distinguish a place from other places
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| 7.perception | a viewpoint that is influenced by one's own culture and experiences
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| 8.formal region | a group of places that have similar attributes for example a poitical region
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| 9.functional region | a group of places connected by movement for example the region drained by the amazon river and its tributaries
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| 10.perceptual region | a group of places that is defined by people's feelings and attitudes,
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| 11.core | the earth's center,consisting of very hot metal that is dense and solid in the inner core and molten or liquid in the outer core.
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| 12.mantle | A thick layer of mostly solid rock beneath the earths crust that surrounds the earths core
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| 14.crust | the solid rocky surface layer of the earth.
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| 15.lithosphere | the surface features of the earth including soil,rock,and landforms
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| 16.atomosphere | the layer of gases,water,vapor and other substances above the earth.
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| 17.hydrosphere | the water contained in oceans,lakes,rivers and under ground
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| 18.biosphere | the world of plants,animals and other living things in earths land and waters
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| 19.continent | any of the seven large landmasses of the earths surface;africa, antaructica, asia, austraila, europe, north america and south america
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| 20.relief | the differences in elevation or height of the land forms in any particular area
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| 21.plate tectonics | the theory that the earths unanchored plates or slabs of rock whose constant movement explains earth quakes and volcanic activity
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| 22.continental drift theory | the idea that continents slowly shift their positions due to movement of the tectonic plates in which they ride
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| 23.ring of fire | a ring of volcanic mountains surrounding the pacific ocean
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| 24.weathering | the chemical or mechanical process by which rock is gradually broken down eventually becoming soil
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| 25.mechanical weathering | the actual breaking up or physical weakening of rock by forces such as ice and roots
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| 26.chemical weathering | the process by which the actual chemical structure of rock is changed usually when water and carbon dioxide cause a breakdown of the rock
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| 27.acid rain | rain whose high concentration of chemicals usually from industrial pollution pollutes water kills plant and animal life and eats away the surface of stone and rock a form of chemical weathering
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| 28.ersion | the momvent of weatered materials including gravel soil and sand usually caused by water wind and glaciers
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| 29.sediment | particles of soil and rock carried and deposited by water, wind, or ice
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| 30.loess | fine-grained, mineral-rich loam, dust, or silt deposited by the wind
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| 31.glacier | a huge slow moving mass of snow and ice
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| 32.moraine | a ridge like mass of rock gravel sand and clay carried and deposited by a glacier
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| 33.ecosystem | the interaction of plant life animal life and the physical environment in which they live
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| 34.biome | the term used to desecribe a major type of ecosystem that can be found in various regions throughout the world
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| 35.decidouous | leaf-shedding a type of tree that sheds its leaves during on season
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| 36.coniferous | a type of tree able to survive long cold winters with long thin needles rather then leaves
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| 37.chaparral | a type f natural vegtation that is adapted to mediterranean climates;small every green trees and low bushes or scrub
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| 38.savanna | a tropical grassland with scattred trees loacted in the warm lands near the equator
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| 39.herbivore | a plant eating animal
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| 40.carnivore | a meat eating animal
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| 41.prairie | a temperate grassland characterized by a great varierty of grasses
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| 42.tundra | a dry treeless plain where temperatures are always cool or cold and only specialized plants can gro
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| 43.permafrost | a layer of soil just below the earth surface that stays permanently frozen
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