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Includes Brand Name, Generic Name, Therapeutic Class, and Mechanism of Action

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Question
Answer
Flap 3
Lortab   hydrocodone and APAP/ Narcotic Analgesic   hydrocodone: opiod receptor agonist acetaminophen: analgesic effect unknown, affects hypothalamic heat regulating center (antipyretic)  
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Synthroid   levothyroxine/ thyroid hormone   levothyroxine (T4) replacement  
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Xanax   alprazolam/ antianxiety   benzodiazepine: binds to receptors in the central nervous system (CNS)  
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Micro-K, K-Dur, Klor-Con   potassium chloride/ potassium supplement   potassium supplement  
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Glucophage   metformin hydrochloride/ antidiabetic   main effect believed to be inhibition of hepatic gluconeogenesis (multiple MOAs suspected)  
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Zestril, Prinivil   lisinopril/ ace inhibitor   ACE-I (angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor)  
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Ultram   tramadol/ analgesic   binds to opioid receptor, and also inhibits reuptake of norepinephrine(NE) and seratonin (5-HT)  
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Lasix   furosemide/ diuretic   "loop diuretic": blocks sodium and chloride reabsorption from kidney tubules  
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Lipitor   atorvastatin/ antihyperlipidemic   inhibits 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) and increases hepatic low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptors  
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Percocet   oxycodone and APAP/ narcotic analgesic   oxycodone: opioid receptor agonist acetaminophen: analgesic effect unknown; affects hypothalamic heat regulating center (antipyretic)  
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Tenormin   atenolol/ beta blocker   beta-1 receptor antagonist  
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Toprol XL   metoprolol succinate/ beta blocker   beta-1 selective receptor antagonist  
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Lopressor   metoprolol tartrate/ beta blocker   beta-1 receptor antagonist  
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HydroDiuril   hydrochlorothiazide/ diuretic   Diuretic effect: blocks reabsorption of sodium and chloride from renal tubules Antihypertensive effect unknown  
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Coumadin   warfarin/ anticoagulant   inhibits vitamin K dependent clotting factors  
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Norvasc   amlodipine/ calcium channel blocker   dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker  
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Amoxil   amoxicillin/ antibiotic   beta lactam antibiotic; inhibits cell wall synthesis of mucopeptide  
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OxyContin   oxycodone/ narcotic analgesic   opioid receptor agonist  
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Zithromax   azithromycin/ antibiotic   macrolide antibiotic; inhibits microbial protein synthesis  
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Darvocet   propoxyphene and APAP/ narcotic analgesic   propoxyphene: binds to opioid receptor (like codeine, hydrocodone)  
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Zoloft   sertraline/ antidepressant   selective seratonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)  
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Zantac   ranitidine/ H2 antihistamine   Histamine-2 receptor antagonist  
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Zocor   simvastatin/ antihyperlipidemic   inhibits HMG-CoA and increases hepatic LDL receptors  
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Lexapro   escitalopram/ antidepressant   SSRI  
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Nexium   esomeprazole/ antisecretory   proton pump inhibitor (PPI)  
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Seroquel   quetiapine/ antipsychotic   Serotonin(5HT), dopamine(DA), histamine and alpha receptor blockers  
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Proventil   albuterol/ antiasthmatic/bronchodilator   beta-2 selective receptor agonist  
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Singulair   montelukast/ antiasthmatic   Leukotriene receptor antagonist  
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Plavix   clopidogrel/ platelet inhibitor   adenosine diphosphate(ADP) receptor antagonist  
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Deltasone   prednisone/ steroid/anti-inflammatory   inhibits phospholipase, prostaglandins, and leukotrienes (mediators of inflammation)  
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Effexor   venlafaxine/ antidepressant   potentiates activity of serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine  
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Elavil   amitriptyline/ antidepressant   increases 5HT and NE levels (prevents reuptake)  
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Ativan   lorazepam/ antianxiety   benzodiazepine: binds to receptors in the CNS  
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Neurontin   gabapentin/ antiepileptic   MOA unknown  
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Glucotrol   glipizide/ antidiabetic   Sulfonylurea: increases pancreatic insulin secretion  
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Naprosyn   naproxen/ NSAID   inhibits prostaglandin synthesis  
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Wellbutrin   bupropion/ antidepressant   inhibits DA and NE uptake  
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Desyrel   trazodone/ antidepressant   MOA unknown; believed to increase serotonin levels  
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Prilosec   omeprazole/ antisecretory   PPI  
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Dyazide   triamterene and HCTZ/ diuretic   Triamterene: inhibits the reabsorption of sodium in exchange for potassium and hydrogen ions in the renal tubule  
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Flexeril   cyclobenzaprine/ muscle relaxant   reduces motor activity in the brainstem  
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Duragesic   fentanyl transdermal system/ narcotic analgesic   opioid receptor agonist  
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Prozac   fluoxetine/ antidepressant   SSRI  
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Fosamax   alendronate/ osteoporosis agent   osteoclast inhibitor  
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Vasotec   enalapil/ ace inhibitor   ACE-I  
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Prevacid   lansoprazole/ antisecretory   PPI  
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Lantus   insulin glargine/ antidiabetic   binds to insulin receptor (24 hour insulin)  
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Prempro   conjugated estrogens and medroxyprogesterone acetate/ estrogen/progestin combination hormone   estrogen and progesterone receptor agonists, respectively  
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Lanoxin   digoxin/ cardiovascular   inhibits sodium-potassium ATPase  
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Valium   diazepam/ antianxiety   Benzodiazepine(BZD): same as Xanax  
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Keflex   cephalexin/ antibiotic   cephalosporin: inhibits cell wall synthesis  
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Paxil   paroxetine/ anti-depressant   SSRI  
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Reglan   metoclopramide/ anti-emetic   anti-emetic: inhibits DA receptors, which increases vomiting threshold GI motility stimulant: cholinergic activity becomes greater than that of dopamine, which increases smooth muscle response to ACh(Acetylcholine) and causes GI motility  
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Cardizem   diltiazem/ calcium channel blocker   Non-DHP calcium channel blocker  
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Ambien   zolpidem/ hyonotic   agonist of benzodiazepine gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA-A) subunit  
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Celexa   citalopram/ antidepressant   SSRI  
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Advair   fluticasone & salmeterol/ antiasthmatic   fluticasone: inhibits phospholipase, prostaglandins, and leukotrienes salmeterol: beta-2 receptor agonist  
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Zestoretic, Prinzide   lisinopril & hydrochlorothiazide/ antihypertensive   lisinopril: ACE-I HCTZ: loop diuretic  
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Vytorin   simvastatin & ezetimibe/ antihyperlipidemic   simvastatin: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor ezetimibe: cholesterol absorption inhibitor  
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Zyrtec   cetirizine/ antihistamine   H-1 receptor antagonist  
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Fioricet   APAP, butalbital & caffeine/ analgesic   butalbital: causes sensory depression by inhibiting conduction in areas of the brain caffeine: stimulates CNS by increasing levels of cAMP  
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Diflucan   fluconazole/ antifungal   inhibits fungal steroid production  
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Ortho-Tricyclen   norgestimate & ethinyl estradiol/ oral contraceptive   norgestimate: progesterone receptor agonist EE: estrogen receptor agonist  
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Depakote   divalproex/ antiepileptic & antipsychotic   MOA unknown (may increase brain GABA levels)  
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Adderall   amphetamine & dextroamphetamine/ CNS stimulant   sympathetic amine with effects similar to epinephrine  
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Celebrex   celecoxib/ NSAID   Cyclo-oxygenase 2 inhibitor  
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Diovan   valsartan/ AT2 antagonist   angiotension-2 receptor blocker  
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Lotrel   amlodipine & benazepril/ antihypertensive   amlodipine: DHP calcium channel blocker benazepril: ACE-I  
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Allegra   fexofenadine/ antihistamine   H-1 receptor antagonist and inhibits histamine release  
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Klonopin   clonazepam/ antiepileptic   benzodiazepine: believed to enhance GABA activity  
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Augmentin   amoxicillin & clavulanate/ antibiotic   clavulanate(clavulanic acid): beta-lactamase inhibitor, which increases the antibacterial activity of beta-lactam antibiotics  
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Cymbalta   duloxetine/ antidepressant   SSNRI: selective seratonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor  
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Risperdal   risperidone/ antipsychotic   MOA unknown (affects serotonin and DA receptors  
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Levaquin   levofloxacin/ antibiotic   Quinolone antibiotic: inhibits bacterial DNA synthesis  
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Aldactone   spironolactone/ diuretic   aldosterone antagonist at the distal convoluted renal tubule  
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Lyrica   pregabalin/ anticonvulsant   MOA unknown (may bind to alpha-2 delta receptors in the CNS  
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Zyloprim   allopurinol/ agent for gout   xanthine oxidase inhibitor, which decreases uric acid production  
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Protonix   pantoprazole/ antisecretory   PPI  
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Actos   pioglitazone/ antidiabetic   peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma agonist  
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Dilantin Kapseals   extended phenytoin/ antiepileptic   enhances neuronal sodium efflux  
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Kenalog   triamcinolone acetonide topical/ corticosteroid   inhibits phospholipase, prostaglandins, and leukotrienes  
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Motrin   ibuprofen/ NSAID   inhibits prostaglandin synthesis  
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Altace   ramipril/ ACE-I   ACE-I  
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Coreg   carvedilol/ beta blocker   non-selective beta blocker (blocks B-1, B-2, and alpha-1 receptors)  
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Verelan   verapamil/ calcium channel blocker   non-DHP calcium channel blocker  
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Estrace   estradiol/ estrogen   estrogen receptor agonist  
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Catapres   clonidine/ antihypertensive   alpha-2 receptor agonist  
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Soma   carisoprodol/ muscle relaxant   MOA unknown (works centrally to produce muscle relaxation)  
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Zetia   ezetimibe/ antihyperlipidemic   cholesterol absorption inhibitor  
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Amaryl   glimepiride/ antidiabetic   sulfonylurea: increases pancreatic insulin release  
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Flomax   tamsulosin/ treats BPH   alpha-1 receptor antagonist  
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Diovan-HCT   valsartan & hydrocholorothiazide/ AT2 antagonist   valsartan: angiotensin receptor-2 blocker HCTZ: diuretic  
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Humalog   insulin lispro/ antidiabetic   binds to insulin receptor (ultra short-acting insulin)  
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Flonase   fluticasone/ nasal decongestant   inhibits phospholipase, prostaglandins, and leukotrienes  
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Tylenol w/ Codeine   APAP & codeine phosphate/ analgesic   same as hydocodone  
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Aricept   donepezil/ antipsychotic   acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (Ach-I)  
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Mevacor   lovastatin/ antihyperlipidemic   HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor  
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Accupril   quinapril/ ACE-I   ACE-I  
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Miralax   polyethylene glycol (PEG) 3350/ laxative   osmotic agent (causes water to be retained in the stool)  
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MS Contin   morphine sulfate/ analgesic   opioid receptor agonist  
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Lotensin   benazepril/ ACE-I   ACE-I  
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phenobarbital   phenobarbital/ antiepileptic   produces sensory cortex depression  
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Cleocin   clindamycin/ antibiotic   suppresses bacterial protein synthesis  
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Theo-Dur   theophylline/ antiasthmatic, bronchodilator   couses endogenous epinephrine release, inhibits histamine release, and may prevent release of SRS-A (slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis)  
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Pravachol   pravastatin/ antihyperlipidemic   HMG-CoA enzyme reductase inhibitor  
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Lamictal   lamotrigine/ antiepileptic   MOA unknown. may block neuronal sodium channels  
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Voltaren   diclofenac/ NSAID   inhibits prostaglandin synthesis  
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Spiriva   tiotropium/ antiasthmatic, bronchodilator   anticholinergic, causing airway smooth muscle relaxation  
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Cogentin   benztropine/ antiparkinson agent   blocks cholinergic histamine receptors  
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Mobic   meloxicam/ NSAID   cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor (COX-2 inhibitor)  
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Strattera   atomoxetine/ treatment for ADHD   selective NE reuptake inhibitor  
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Yasmin   drospirenone & EE/ oral contraceptive   drospirenone: progesterone receptor agonist EE: estrogen receptor agonist  
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Ortho-Novum 7/7/7   norethindrone and EE/ oral contraceptive   norethindrone: PRA EE: ERA  
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Hytrin   terazosin/ antihypertensive, BPH treatment   alpha-1 receptor agonist  
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Avapro   irbesartan/ ARB   angiotensin- 1 receptor blocker  
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Veetids   penicillin V potassium/ antibiotic   inhibits cell wall mucopeptide synthesis  
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Lopid   gemfibrozil/ antihyperlipidemic   increases activity of lipprotein lipase  
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Skelaxin   metaxalone/ muscle relaxant   MOA unknown  
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Inderal   propranolol/ beta blocker   beta blocker  
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Zovirax   acyclovir/ antiviral   inhibits viral DNA replication  
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Benicar-HCT   olmesartan and HCTZ/ antihypertensive   ARB and diuretic  
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Adipex-P   phentermine/ obesity management   sympathomimetic amine, CNS stimulation and elevation of blood pressure  
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Bactroban   mupirocin/ topical antibacterial   inhibits bacterial protein synthesis  
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Aciphex   rabeprazole/ PPI   PPI  
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Pepcid   famotidine/ H2 antihistamine   H-2 receptor blocker  
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Imuran   azathioprine/ immunosuppressant   interferes with viral RNA and DNA precursors  
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Bentyl   dicyclomine/ anticholinergic   anticholinergic causing smooth muscle relaxation  
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Clozaril   clozapine/ antipsychotic   antagonist at anticholinergic, histaminergic, seratonergic, and adrenergic receptors. also blocks certain dopamine receptors  
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Biaxin   clarithromycin/ antibiotic   inhibits bacterial protein synthesis  
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methadone   methadone/ analgesic   opioid receptor agonist  
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Provera   medroxyprogesterone/ progestin hormone   progesterone receptor agonist  
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Requip   ropinirole/ antiparkinson agent   dopamine agonist  
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Prempro   conjugated estrogens and progesterone/ estrogen, progestin combo   estrogen and progesterone receptor agonists  
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Lithobid   lithium carbonate/ antipsychotic   MOA unknown, may antagonize release of NE and DA or increase their reuptake  
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BuSpar   buspirone/ antianxiety   dopamine and serotonin agonist  
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Omnicef   cefdinir/ antibiotic   inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis  
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Lunesta   eszopiclone/ hypnotic   agonis of GABA receptors in the CNS  
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Relafen   nabumetone/ NSAID   inhibits prostaglandin synthesis  
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Allegra-D   fexofenadine & pseudophed/ antiallergy   fexofenadine: H1 receptor antagonist and inhibits histamine release  
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Niaspan   niacin/ antihyperlipidemic   enhances lipoprotein lipase activity  
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Bumex   bumetanide/ diuretic   loop diuretic: blocks sodium and chloride reabsorption from kidney tubules  
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Demadex   torsemide/ diuretic   loop diuretic: blocks sodium and chloride reabsorption from kidney tubules  
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Lotrisone   clotrimazole & betamethasone/ topical antifungal   increases permeability of fungal cell wall  
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Lomotil   diphenoxylate & atropine/ antidiarrheal   diphenoxylate: binds to intestinal opiate receptors, decreases GI mobility atropine: added intentionally to prevent abuse or overdosage of the diphenoxylate (also an antimuscarinic which decreases GI motility)  
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lactulose   lactulose/ laxative   digested into lactic acid, which increases osmotic pressure. (causes water to be absorbed into the stool, and loosens stool)  
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Monopril   fosinopril/ ACE-I   ACE-I  
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Guaifenex PSE   guaifenesin & pseudoephedrine/ decongestant, expectorant   guaifenesin: thins bronchial secretions, lubricating irritated respiratory tract  
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Flovent   fluticasone/ antiasthmatic,steroid   inhibits phospholipase, prostaglandins, and leukotrienes (mediators of inflammation)  
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Imitrex   sumatriptan/ antimigrainous agent   5HT-1 receptor agonist  
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Antivert   meclizine/ antivertigo agent   antihistamine  
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Cozaar   losartan/ angiotensin II Blocker   ARB  
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Ditropan   oxybutynin/ anticholinergic   causes the smooth muscle of the bladder to relax  
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Detrol   tolteridine/ antimuscarinic   Muscarinic receptor antagonist  
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Combivent   ipratropium & albuterol/ antiasthmatic, bronchodilator   ipratropium: anticholinergic, which dilates bronchioles albuterol: beta-2 selective receptor agonist  
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Tricor   fenofibrate/ antihyperlipidemic   PPAR alpha agonist  
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Zyprexa   olanzapine/ anti-psychotic   MOA unknown: believed to antagonize effects of DA and 5HT  
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Crestor   rosuvastatin/ antihyperlipidemic   statin: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor  
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Remeron   mirtazapine/ antidepressant   Increases central NE and 5HT activity  
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Procardia   nifedipine/ CCB   Dihydropyridine CCB  
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Imdur   isosorbide mononitrate/ antianginal   organic nitrate, which causes arterial and venous dilation  
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Topamax   topiramate/ antiepileptic   MOA unknown: believed to potentiate effects of GABA  
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Actonel   risedronate/ osteoporosis agent   Inhibits osteoclasts  
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Atrovent   Ipratropium/ antiasthmatic, antiallergy   anticholinergic, which dilates bronchioles  
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Medrol   methylprednisone/ anti-inflammatory, steroid   Inhibits phospholipase, prostaglandins, and leukotrienes (mediators of inflammation)  
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Tessalon Perles   benzonatate/ antitussive   suppresses cough by anesthetizing the stretch receptors in the respiratory tract  
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Ultracet   tramadol & acetaminophen/ analgesic   tramadol: binds to opioid receptor, and also inhibits reuptake of NE and 5HT  
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Sinequan   doxepin/ antidepressant   inhibits neuronal NE and 5HT reuptake  
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Ritalin   methylphenidate/ CNS stimulant   sympathetic amine with effects similar to epinephrine  
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Avandia   rosiglitazone/ antidiabetic   PPAR gamma agonist  
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Cipro   ciprofloxacin/ antibiotic   Quinolone antibiotic: inhibits bacterial DNA synthesis  
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Bactrim   sulfamethoxazole & trimethoprim/ antibiotic   sulfamethoxazole: inhibits production of dihydrofolic acid, which kills bacteria trimethoprim: interferes with the production of folic acid (bacteriocidal)  
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folic acid   folic acid/ vitamin   dietary supplement  
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Phenergan   promethazine/ antihistamine, antitussive   H1 receptor blocker  
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Macrobid(Macrodantin)   nitrofurantoin/ antibacterial   inhibits bacterial carbohydrate metabolism  
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Pyridium   phenazopyridine/ urinary tract analgesic   MOA unknown: exerts topical analgesic effect in the urinary tract  
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Hyzaar   losartan &HCTZ/ antihypertensive   losartan: ARB HCTZ: diabetic  
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Dilacor   diltiazem/ CCB   Non-dihydropyridine CCB  
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Vibramycin   doxycycline/ antibiotic   Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis  
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Capoten   Captopril/ ACE-I   ACE-I  
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Tegretol   carbamazepine/ antiepileptic   decreases responsiveness at neuronal synapses  
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Concerta   methylphenidate/ CNS stimulant   sympathetic amine with effects similar to epinephrine  
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Trileptal   oxcarbazepine/ antiepileptic   Inhibits neuronal sodium channel efflux  
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Evista   raloxifene/ osteoporosis agent   selective estrogen receptor modifier(SERM). Only binds to certain estrogen receptors  
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Glucovance   glyburide & metformin/ antidiabetic   sulfonylurea: increases pancreatic secretion of insulin metformin: inhibition of hepatic gluconeogenesis  
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Namenda   memantine/ antipsychotic   NMDA receptor antagonist  
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Cardura   doxazosin/ alpha blocker   Alpha-1 receptor blocker  
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Novolog   insulin aspart/ antidiabetic   binds to insulin receptor  
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Flagyl   metronidazole/ antibacterial, antiprotozoal   causes bacterial DNA strand to break  
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Nasonex   mometasone/ antiallergy   inhibits phospholipase, prostaglandins, and leukotrienes (mediators of inflammation)  
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Restoril   temazepam/ hypnotic   benzodiazepine  
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Micronase   glyburide/ antidiabetic   sulfonylurea: increases pancreatic production  
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Xoponex   levalbuterol/ antiasthmatic, bronchodilator   beta-2 selective receptor agonist  
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Xalatan   latanoprost/ glaucoma agent   prostaglandin analogue  
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Benicar   olmesartan/ ARB   ARB  
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Alesse   levonorgestrel & EE/ oral contraceptive   levonorgestrel: binds to progesterone receptors EE: binds to estrogen receptors  
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Abilify   aripiprazole/ antipsychotic   partial DA and 5HT receptor agonist  
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Duoneb   ipratropium & albuterol/ antiasthmatic   see above for both  
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Armour Thyroid   dessicated thyroid   thyroid hormone replacement  
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nystatin   nystatin oral/ antifungal   Increases fungal cell membane permeability  
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Ziac   bisoprolol & HCTZ   bisoprolol: beta-1 receptor blocker HCTZ: diuretic  
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