Fertilization Terms
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Preformation | the idea that the embryo is already formed and present in the sperm or egg in miniature form
🗑
|
||||
| epigenesis | idea that an embryo emerges gradually from a relatively formless egg
🗑
|
||||
| defferentitation | cells become specialized to perform a function
🗑
|
||||
| morphogenesis | movement of cells and tissue leads to formation of shape and organs
🗑
|
||||
| Step One | sperm reaches egg; acrosome releases hydrollytic enzymes by exocytosis
🗑
|
||||
| Step Two | Enzymes activate cytoskeletal elements that elongate the end structure and penetrate the jelly coat of the egg
🗑
|
||||
| Step Three | Tip of acrosome has proteins that bind to receptors on the vitelline layer just exterior to the plasma membrane. IN some animals, there is a lock and key recognition to assure that they are only fertilized by the proper species
🗑
|
||||
| Step Four | Egg and sperm plasma membranes fuse
🗑
|
||||
| Step Five | This causes an electrical response in the egg plasma membrane
🗑
|
||||
| Step Six | This depolarization prevents other sperm from penetrating the egg (fast block to polyspermy)
🗑
|
||||
| Step Seven | Fusion also causes vessivles inside egg to exocytosis contents which catalyze a hardening of the extracellular matrix of the cell thus acting as teh slow block to polyspermy
🗑
|
||||
| Step Eight | In mammals, fusion of egg and sperm nuclei does not occur until after the first mitotic division.
🗑
|
||||
| Vegetal Pole | end of the egg with the yolk
🗑
|
||||
| Animal Pole | end of the egg with very little yolk
🗑
|
||||
| heterogeneous organization of cytoplasm in unfertilized egg | leads to regional differences in the early embryo of many animal species
🗑
|
||||
| cell-cell interactions | compound differences initiated by cytoplasmic organization and by the elocation of cells during morphogenesis
🗑
|
||||
| apoptosis | programmed cell death
🗑
|
||||
| totipotent | a cell that has retained the potential to form all parts of the animal
🗑
|
||||
| determination | a progressive restriction of a cell's developmental potential
🗑
|
||||
| induction | the ability of one group of cells to influence the development of an adjacent group of cells
🗑
|
||||
| tissue-specific proteins | proteins found only in a certain type of cell
🗑
|
||||
| genomic equivalence | all cells contain the same genes
🗑
|
||||
| maternal effect genes | phenotypes expressed by these genes are exclusively the product of the mother's contribution usually mutations in genes that are necessary for the egg polarity to be set up properly
🗑
|
||||
| homeotic genes | genes that determine the anatomical identity of different segments of an individual.
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
samft98c
Popular Biology sets