Kramer, Chap. 5, Heredity Vocabulary words
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| Allele | (An alternate form that a gene may have for a single trait; can be dominant or recessive.
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| Dominant | Describes a trait that covers over, or dominates, another form of that trait.
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| Genetic Engineering | Biological and chemical methods to change the arrangement of a gene's DNA to improve crop production, produce large volumes of medicine, and change how cells perform their normal functions.
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| Genetics | The study of how traits are inherited through the actions of alleles.
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| Genotype | The genetic makeup of an organism.
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| Heredity | The passing of traits from parent to offspring.
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| Heterozygous | Describes an organism with two differnet alleles for a trait.
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| Homozygous | Describes an organism with two alleles that are the same for a trait.
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| Hybrid | An offspring that was given different genetic information for a trait from each parent.
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| Incomplete Dominance | Production of a phenotype that is intermediate between the two homozygous parents.
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| Phenotype | Outward physical appearance and behavior of an organism as a result of its genotype.
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| Polygenic Inheritance | Occurs when a group of gene pairs act together and produces a specific trait, such as human eye color, skin color, or height.
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| Punnett Square | A tool to predict the probability of certain traits in offspring that shows the different ways alleles can combine.
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| Recessive | Describes a trait that is covered over, or dominated, by another form of that trait and seems to disappear.
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| Sex-linked gene | An allele inherited on a sex chromosome and that can cause human genetic disorders such as color blindness and hemophilia.
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