Musculoskeletal Medical Terms
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| arthralgia | joint pain
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| arthrocentesis | surgical puncture to withdraw fluid from a joint
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| arthrodesis | fusion of a joint
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| arthrodynia | joint pain
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| arthritis | joint inflammation
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| arthrotomy | incision of a joint
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| arthroscope | instrument to exam the inside of a joint
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| amphiarthrosis | a joint providing only slight movement, as in the vertebrae
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| diarthrosis | another term for synovial joint, joint that has a a synovial capsule surrounding it
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| synarthrosis | immovable joints (naturally fused)
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| burs/o | bursa/bursae, a sac or sac like structure to lesson friction in movement of a joint
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| bursectomy | removal of bursa
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| cephalgia cephalalgia cephalodynia | headache
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| chondroma | tumor of cartilaginous tissue
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| chondromalacia | cartilage softening
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| chondroplasty | surgical repair of cartilage
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| craniotomy | incision into skull
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| cranium | skull
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| distal | away from the point of origin
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| myeloma | bone marrow tumor
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| ostealgia | bone pain
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| osteoclasis | to surgically break bone
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| osteoclast | 1. multinucleated cell that dissolves old bone tissue 2. instrument to break bones
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| osteocyte | bone cell
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| osteomyelitis | inflammation of bone and bone marrow
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| osteopathy | bone disease
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| periosteum | membrane that surrounds the bone
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| proximal | close to the point of origin or attachment
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| radius | lower arm bone on the thumb side
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| radiologist | one who specializes in the study of x-ray technology
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| radiograph | x-ray machine
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| radiography | the process of taking an x-ray
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| radiogram | an x-ray
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| synovitis | inflammation of synovial membrane
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| iliac | pertaining to the ilium
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| carpal | pertaining to the carpus
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| cervical | pertaining to the neck
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| costal | pertaining to the rib
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| cranial | pertaining to the cranium
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| femoral | pertaining to the femur
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| humeral | pertaining to the humerus
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| ischial | pertaining to the ischium
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| metacarpal | pertaining to the metacarpus
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| metatarsal | pertaining to the metatarsus
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| radial | pertaining to the radius
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| sacral | pertaining to the sacrum
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| sternal | pertaining to the sternum
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| tibial | pertaining to the tibia
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| clavicular | pertaining to the clavicle
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| fibular | pertaining to the fibula
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| lumbar | pertaining to the low back
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| mandibular | pertaining to the mandible
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| patellar | pertaining to the patella
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| scapular | pertaining to the scapula
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| ulnar | pertaining to the ulna
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| maxillary | pertaining to the maxilla
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| coccygeal | pertaining to the coccyx
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| phalangeal | pertaining to the phalanges
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| pelvic | pertaining to the pelvis
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| pubic | pertaining to the pubis
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| fasciitis | inflammation of fascia
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| kinesiology | study of movement
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| muscular | pertaining to muscles
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| myalgia | muscle pain
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| myasthenia | muscle weakness
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| myocardial | pertaining to heart muscle
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| myopathy | muscle disease
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| myoplasty | surgical repair of muscle
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| myorrhaphy | suture a muscle
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| myorrhexis | muscle rupture
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| tenodynia | tendon pain
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| tendoplasty | surgical repair of tendon
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| tendinitis | inflammation of tendon
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| bradykinesia | slow movement
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| dyskinesia | difficult or painful movement
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| atonia | lack of tone
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| kyphosis | abnormal increase in the outward curvature of the thoracic spine; hunchback or humpback
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| lordosis | increase in the forward curvature of the lumbar spine; swayback
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| orthopedics | branch of medicine specializing in diagnosis and treatment of conditions of the musculoskeletal system
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| orthotic | brace or splint to correct or prevent deformities
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| orthotist | specialist in fitting orthotics
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| prosthesis | artificial body part
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| prosthetics | profession specializing in making artificial body parts
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| prosthetist | specialist in making and fitting prosthetics
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| adhesion | scar tissue in fascia connecting tissue that is normally separate
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| atrophy | muscle wasting due to lack of use,poor development or disease
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| hypertrophy | increase in muscle bulk
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| spasm | sudden, involuntary muscle contractions
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| osteomalacia | softening of bones caused by deficiency of calcium; in children cause is insufficient sunlight and vitamin D
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| osteoporosis | decrease in bone mass
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| rickets | deficiency in calcium and vitamin D found in early childhood; results in bone deformities, especially bowed legs
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| ankylosing spondylitis | inflammatory spinal condition; resembles rheumatoid arthritis; gradual stiffening and fusion of vertebrae
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| scoliosis | abnormal lateral curvature of spine
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| sprain | damage to ligaments surrounding joint due to overstretching
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| abduction | Movement away from midline
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| adduction | movement toward the midline
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| flexion | act of bending, or lessening the angle of a joint
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| extension | movement brings a limb to being straight, increasing the angle of a joint
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| circumduction | movement in circular direction from a central point
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| strain | damage to muscle, tendons or ligaments from over stretching or overuse
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| arthroscopy | examination of interior of joint with an arthroscope to view internal structure
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| arthroscopic surgery | performing surgical procedure while using arthroscope to view internal structures of a joint
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