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Chapter 12: Eye

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Term
Definition
aque/o   water  
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conjunctiv/o   conjunctiva (to join together)  
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kerat/o; corne/o   cornea  
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ir/o; irid/o   iris (colored circle)  
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lacrim/o; dacry/o   tear  
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ocul/o; ophthalm/o; opt/o   eye  
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phac/o; phak/o   lens (lentil)  
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-opia   condition of vision  
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ophthalmologist   physician who specializes in the medical and surgical treatment of the eye  
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sclera   the white of the eye  
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cornea   anterior part of the eyeball that covers the iris, pupil, and refracts light  
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lens   bends and focuses light rays on the retina  
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retina   transmits light to the optic nerve  
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asthenopia   eyestrain  
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blepharospasm   uncontrolled blinking or twitching of the eyelid  
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diplopia   double vision  
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nystagmus   involuntary, rapid oscillating movement of the eyeball  
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photophobia   extreme sensitivity to and discomfort from light  
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astigmatism   defective curvature of the lens or cornea that prevents light rays from coming to a single focus on the retina  
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hyperopia   farsightedness  
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myopia   nearsightedness  
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aphakia   absence of the lens, usually after cataract extraction  
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blepharoptosis   drooping of the eyelid usually caused by paralysis  
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chalazion   chronic nodular inflammation of a meibomian gland usually the result of a blocked duct  
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cataract   opaque clouding of the lens causing decreased vision  
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conjunctivitis   pinkeye  
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dacryoadenitis   inflammation of the lacrimal gland  
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diabetic retinopathy   disease of the retina caused by capillary leakage, bleeding, and a new vessel formation leading to scarring and loss of vision  
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glaucoma   disease characterized by increased intraocular pressure that results in damage to the optic nerve, producing defects in vision  
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hordeolum   sty  
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keratitis   inflammation of the cornea  
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pterygium   fibrous growth of conjunctival tissue that extends onto the cornea  
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distance visual acuity   test that uses 20ft as the specified distance  
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fluorescein angiography   procedure that uses contrast material to visualize and photograph the retinal and choroidal vessels  
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tonometer   measures intraocular pressure  
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blepharoplasty   surgical repair of an eyelid  
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keratoplasty   corneal transplant  
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mydriatic   agent that causes the pupil to dilate  
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miotic   agent that causes the pupil to contract  
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enucleation   excision of the eyeball  
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