Exam 4 Review
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| What is the etiological agent for leishmaniasis? | flagellate in the leishmania genus
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| How is leishmaniasis transmitted? | bit of a sand fly
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| What are the symptoms of leishmaniasis? | cutaneous- skin sores
visceral- fever, weight loss, enlargment (swelling) of spleen/liver, low blood count anemia, low wht blood count luekopenia, low platelet count thrombocytopenia
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| what is the etiological agent for amoebiasis? | entamoeba histolytica
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| How is amoebiasis transmitted? | fecal-oral
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| What are the symptoms of amoebiasis? | loose stool,stomach pain, cramping
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| What is the etiological agent of trichomoniasis? | trichomonas vaginalis
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| How is trichomoniasis transmitted? | sexual contact
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| What are the symptoms of trichomoniasis? | Women- intense itching, pain during urination, creamy frothy white discharchge
Men- asymptomatic
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| What is the etiological agent to malaria? | apicomplexan plasmodium
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| How is malaria tramsmitted? | anopheles mosquito
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| What are the symptoms of malaria? | fever, chill, diarrhea, headache,anemia, fatigue
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| What is the etiological agent of trypanosomiasis? | trypanosoma brucei
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| How is trypanosomiasis transmitted? | tsetse fly
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| What are the symptoms of trypanosomiasis? | invasion of the CNS leads to memingoencephilitis, headache, drowsiness, comma
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| Which disease is the African Sleeping Sickness? | Trypanosomiasis
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| What is the etiological agent of toxoplasmosis? | apicomplexan toxoplasma gondii
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| How is toxoplasmosis transmitted? | fecal-oral
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| What are the symptoms of toxoplasmosis | asymptomatic, fever, headache, muscle pain, sore throat, enlarged lymph nodes in the head and neck
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| What is the etiological agent of cryptosporidiosis? | apicomplexan cryptosproridium parvum
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| How is cryptosporidiosis transmitted? | fecal-oral, contaminated water
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| What are the symptoms of cryptosporidiosis? | diarrhea, headache, cramping, fluid and weight loss
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| What is the etiological agent of Primary amoebic menigoencephalitis (PAM)? | naegleria fowleri
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| How is (PAM) Primary amoebic meninocephalitis transmitted? | inhalation, associated with recreational use of freshwater (swimming)
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| What are the symptoms of (PAM) Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis? | piercing headache,fever, delirium, neck rigidity, occassional seizures
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| What is the etiological agent for Chagas's disease? | trypanosoma cruzi
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| How is Chaga's disease transmitted? | triatomid bug
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| What are the symptoms of Chaga's disease? | Romans sign, fever, headache, swollen lymph nodes, enlargement of spleen/colon
Chronic: asymptomatic
Symptomatic: congestive heart failure due to pseudocytes
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| What is the etiological agent for Giardiasis? | giardia lamblia
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| How is giardiasis transmitted? | fecal-oral, food or water contaminated with cysts
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| What are the symptoms of giardiasis? | nauseau, flatulence, cramping, foul smelling watery diarrhea
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| What is the etiological agent of Babesiosis? | babesia microti
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| How is babesiosis transmitted? | Ioxdes tick
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| What are the symptoms of babesiosis? | piercing headaches, fever, not fatal, people may become carriers
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| flagellates | Includes the parabasala, diplomanads and kinetoplastids-
heterotrophic, move by flagella, few if any mitochondria (low oxygen requirements)
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| amoebozoans | heterotrophic- via phocytosis, most are free living, freshwater organisms
move by pseudopods> amoeboid motion, members of the entamoeba genus parasites
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| cillates | heterotrophic-cilia sweep food into sac like gullet, most are free living,fresh water organisms
move via cilia
contain pellicle (sacs) under the membrane that store Ca for cili function and contractile vacuoles
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| cillates | have two nuclei-
>macronucleus for everyday control of cell activity
>micronucleus for genetic information during reproduction
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| apicomplexans | all parasitic heterotrophs, apical tip ofcell has a organelle complex used for penetrating host cells, only gametes are flagalleted, complex life cycles with alternating sexual and asexual reproduction, several host are common
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| eukaryotic | >primary unicellular
>most are free living
>nutritionally diverse
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| plant like | algae, photosynthesis
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| fungus like | slime molds,extracellular digestion, filamentous growth
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| animal like | protozoa, absorb/ingest food, lack a cell wall, includes human parasites
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| example of ciliates | balantidium coli
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| example of amoebaes | entamoeba histolytica, acanthamoeba, naegleria fowleri,
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| example of flagellates | trypanosoma brucei, trypanosoma cruzi, leishmania, giardia lamblia, trichomonas vaginalis
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| example of apicomplexan | plasmodium, toxoplama gondii, cryptosporidium parvum
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