Respiratory Physiology
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| Respiration | -Ventilation: Movement of air into and out of lungs
-External respiration: Gas exchange between air in lungs and blood
Transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood
-Internal respiration: Gas exchange between the blood and tissues
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| Respiratory System Functions -- Olfaction: Smell occurs when airborne molecules drawn into nasal cavity Protection: Against microorganisms by preventing entry and removing them | Gas exchange: Oxygen enters blood and carbon dioxide leaves
Regulation of blood pH: Altered by changing blood carbon dioxide levels
Voice production: Movement of air past vocal folds makes sound and speech
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| Respiratory System Divisions | Upper tract->
-Nose, pharynx and associated structures
Lower tract->
-Larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs
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| Nasal Cavity | Nose
External nose
--Nasal cavity
----Functions
*Passageway for air
*Cleans the air
*Humidifies, warms air
*Smell
--Along with paranasal sinuses are resonating chambers for speech
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| Pharynx | Pharynx
--Common opening for digestive and respiratory systems
Three regions=
*Nasopharynx
*Oropharynx
*Laryngopharynx
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| Larynx | Functions=
---Maintain an open passageway for air movement
Epiglottis and vestibular folds prevent swallowed material from moving into larynx
--Vocal folds are primary source of sound production
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| Vocal Folds | Vocal folds heavy band of connective tissue wrapped in epithelial cells
Cartilage moved in and out by muscles in the throat
Air can move in and out easily without resistance
When you push air through, vocal fold vibrate and sound is produced
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| Trachea | Windpipe
Divides to form
Primary bronchi
Carina: Cough reflex
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| Tracheobronchial Tree | Conducting zone
Trachea 2 terminal bronchioles which is ciliated 4 removal of debris
Passageway 4 air movement
Cartilage holds tube system open + smooth muscle controls tube diameter
Respiratory zone
Respiratory bronchioles to alveoli
Site 4 gasxchg
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Created by:
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