Exam 4: Cardiovascular System Diagnostic Tests
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| Chest Radiographic | Illustrates heart size, shape and position. Outline of shadows and lung abnormalities are shown.
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| Fluoroscopy | A motion radiograph, allows observation of movement
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| Angiogram | A series of radiographs taken after injection of radiopaque dye into an artery. Helpful in Dx of occlusion, aneurysm and other congenital arterial abnormalities.
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| Cardiac Catheterization | used to visualize the heart (chambers, valves), great vessels and coronary arteries.
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| Cardiac Catheterization (uses) | Dx of cardiac pathology, Measure pressures w/i heart, cardiac competence, Valvular defects. Visualization of Coronary Blockage (Angiography)
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| Electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG) | A graphic study of the electrical activities of the heart.
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| Ambulatory ECG or Halter Monitor | Used for outpatient monitoring. (Periods of 12, 24, 48 hours). Pts w/ cardiac disease and normal ECG. Pt keeps diary of symptoms.
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| Heart Monitor | Used to continually monitor electrical activity of patients who have dysrhythmias.
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| Exercise/Stress Test | Conducted in a laboratory setting, used to test cardiac function during exertion
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| Thallium Scanning | radioisotope thallium is injected intravenously to assess circulation using a scanning camera
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| Echocardiography | An ultrasound directed at the heart and is used to show size, shape, motion and ejection fraction (cardiac output)
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| Complete Blood Count (CBC) | WBC, differential, platelets (PLT), hemoglobin (Hgb), and hematocrit (Hct)
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| Coagulation studies | used to monitor patients receiving anticoagulation drug therapy (MI, A-Fib). Includes PT, PTT, INR
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| Serum Cardiac Marker (Cardiac Enzymes) | Proteins released in blood due to necrotic heart muscles after an MI.
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| Serum Cardiac Marker (Cardiac Enzymes) | Creatine Kinase (CK), Creatine Phosphoskinase (CK-MB), Tpoponin I
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| Troponin I | MOST specific cardiac marker (Considered gold standard of cardiac enzymes)
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