Digestive Vocabulary
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| Postevacuation films | Positions showing colon's ability to expel barirum
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| Splenic flexure | LEFT colic flexure - Most superior segment of bowel
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| Hepatic flexure | RIGHT colic flexure
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| Mueller | Maneuver where inhalation takes place against a closed glottis.
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| Pyloric sphincter | Opening of distal stomach into duodenum
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| Greater curvature | Surface of stomach located between incisura angularis and pylorus.
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| Emulsification | Process where large fat particules change to small particles.
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| Small intestine | Part of bowel where absorption primarily takes place.
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| Suspension | Mixture of barium sulfate and water.
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| Valsalva | Holding of breath and bearing down.
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| Cardiac notch | Another name for incisura cardiaca
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| Large bowel | Stores and eliminates feces
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| Gastrografin | Water-soluble gastrointestinal contrast agent used when perforations are present.
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| Descending colon | Longest segment of duodenum
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| Bile | Aid to digestion manufactured in liver
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| Deglutition | Act of swallowing.
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| Chyme | Churned stomach contents
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| Mastication | Movement of chewing
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| Esophageal hiatus | Opening in diaphragm where esophagus passes.
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| Pancreas | Lies in close relationship to duodenum.
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| Buccal cavity | Another name for the oral cavity.
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| Ligament of Treitz | Junction of duodenum and remainder of small bowel.
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| Eustachian | Middle ear connects to the nasopharynx
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| Angular notch | aka incisura angularis
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| Enzymes | Biochemical catalysts that speed up digestion
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| Bulb/cap | First part of small intestine
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| Pepsin | Digestion enzyme
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| Mucosa | Inner lining of gastrointestinal tract
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| Serosa | Outermost layer of most of gastrointestinal canal.
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| Retroperitoneal | Organs lying on posterior abdomen wall
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| Gastroenterology | Study of stomach and intestines.
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| Mesentary | Double-fold of peritoneum connecting organs to posterior abdominal wall
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| Peritoneum | Double-walled membrane of abdomen
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| Jejunum | Approximately 8 feet long and extends to ileum.
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| Uvula | Hangs from free border of soft palate
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| Cholecystokinin | Inhibits secretion of gastric juice.
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| Greater omentum | Four-layered apron fold over front of intestine.
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| Pylorus | Last division of stomach
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| Villi | Projections of mucosa to increase absorption
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| Cirrhosis | Scarred liver
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| Ileocecal sphincter | Opening from the ileum into large intestine
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| Ascites | Accumulation of serous fluid
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| Mesocolon | Binds large intestine to posterior body wall.
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| Gastroesophageal | Spincter that relaxes during swallowing.
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| Sphincter | Thickened ring of circular layer of visceral muscle surrounding opening of hollow organ.
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| Cardiac sphincter | On cardiac end of stomach; prevents regurgitation into esophagus.
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| Pyloric sphincter | Pyloric end of stomach; allows contents to enter duodenum.
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| Teniae coli | Bands of muscle fibers that pass lengthwise on large intestine.
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| Haustra | Sac-like pouches in wall of large intestine.
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| Ampulla of Vater | Hepatopancreatic ampulla
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| Sphincter of Oddi | Hepatopancreatic sphincter
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| Gastrin | Hormone secreted by pyloric glands to stimulate secreton of gastric juice.
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| Pharynx | Receives food from mouth and passes it on into esophagus via swallowing.
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| Esophagus | Passage that carries food from pharynx to stomach
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| Cecum | Widest portion of entire bowel.
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| Paralytic | Bowel does not propel contents forward
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| Appendix | Vermiform process
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| Sigmoid Colon | Pelvic colon
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| Lesser Curvature of stomach | Right border beginning at esophagogastric junction, ending at pylorus.
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| Greater Curvature of stomach | Left and inferior border beginning at esophagogastric junction (cardiac notch), down to pylorus. 4-5 times longer than lesser curvature.
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