Microbiology
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Sterile refers to the complete absence of what? | all life
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| Name the most common gaseous sterilizing agent | ethylene oxide
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| How do dry heat and moist heat differ in their ability to kill microbes? | dry heat less efficient than moist heat--dry heat must reach higher temps to sterilize objects
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| Name a machine in the hospital and one in many home that produces enough steam pressure to sterilize items in less than an hour | hospitals--autoclave--home--pressure cooker
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| what are the standard pressur, temp, and time normally used to achieve sterilization with steam? | 121 degrees C at fifteen pound of pressure for 15 minutes
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| What are the advantages of sterilization by gamma radiation? | does not invole heat--good for heat-sensitive materials (plastic)--gamma rays have great penetration--good for sterilizing items in sealed packages
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| What are the advantages of sterilization by ultrafiltration? | no heat/chemical reaction--good for soluble materials (enzymes/antibiotics)--good way to sterilize gases
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| What are the basic usages of disinfectants and antiseptics? | disinfectant refers to chemicals used to kill bacteria on inanimate objects--antiseptics--milder versions of disinfectants--used on human flesh
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| Differentiate among bactericide, fungicide, virucide, sporicide, and biocide | bactericides--kill bacteria--fungicides--kill fungi--virucides--kill viruses--sporicides--kill spores--biocides--nonspecific agents
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| What different effects do bacteriostatic and bactericidal agents have on bacteria? | bacteriostatic agents--do not kill bacteria--do inhibit growth--bactericidal agents--kill bacteria
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| What is the phenol coefficient? | killing capacity of any diinfectant compared to the killing capacity of phenol
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| Why have phenolics generally replaced phenol in disinfection? | phenolics--milder forms of phenols--effectively remove transient organisms from the skin without patient harm
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| How does iodine kill microbes? | iodine oxidizes proteins/enzymes--microbes become unable to synthesize macreomolecules
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| How does radiation kill microbes? | radiation ionizes and destroys DNA
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| Is 100% alcohol used as a disinfectant? What is better? | 100% alcohol not used--70% solution (with water)--more effective--better at dissolving microbial membranes
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| What is pasteurization? | process of heating milk (or other drinks) high enough temp and long enough time to kill pathogens
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| Why do we use disinfectants so frequently in the clinical setting? | disinfectants uses so frequently in clinical setting to prevent nosocomial infections--since nosocomially acquired microbes often antibiotic resistant
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| How do detergents work? | remove transient microbes from surfaces--do not remove resident organisms--cationic detergents dissolve bacterial membranes
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| what kills most microbes in the stomach? | acid
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Created by:
heatherlvn
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