a MCPHS- Provider I- Ch 21 Assessment of Respiratory Function
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| Lower Respiratory Tract function | Gas exchange
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| Lobes r/t Left lung | Left lung has Less lobes(2)
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| Respiration | Gas exchange b/w air and blood, Gas exchange b/w blood and cells
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| Diffusion | oxygen-carbon dioxide exchange
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| Causes r/t Increased airway resistance | Bronchial contraction(asthma), Thickened mucosa(chronic bronchitis), Obstruction, Decreased lung elasticity(emphysema)
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| Pulmonary perfusion | Blood flow thru pulmonary circulation
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| Tidal volume | Volume of air inhaled/exhaled w/each breath
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| Expiratory reserve volume | Max volume exhaled forcibly after normal exhalation
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| V/Q imbalances d/t | Inadequate ventilation, Inadequate perfusion, Both
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| 2 ways O is carried in blood | Dissolved in plasma, Hemoglobin
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| PaO normal values | 80-100 mm Hg
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| Respiratory function r/t Aging | Reduced surface area, elasticity & vital capacity, Increased dead space
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| Major S/Sx r/t Respiratory disease | Dyspnea, Sputum production, Chest pain, Clubbing, Hemoptysis, Cyanosis
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| Acute vs. Chronic lung diseases r/t Dyspnea severity | Acute are more severe
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| Sudden dyspnea r/t Immobilized Pt's | Pulmonary embolism
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| Orthopnea found in Pt's w/ | Heart disease, COPD
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| Dyspnea w/expiratory wheeze | COPD
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| Wheezing r/t Asthma | Present during inspiration and expiration
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| Other disorders that may cause dyspnea | Cardiac disease, Anaphylactic reactions, Severe anemia
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| Relief of dyspnea r/t Resting Pt's | High Fowler's(head elevation), Oxygen administration
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| Cough d/t | Irritation of mucous membranes in respiratory tracts
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| Cough in morning w/sputum | Bronchitis
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| Purulent sputum d/t | Bacterial infection
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| Frothy, pink sputum d/t | Pulmonary edema
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| Hemoptysis | Expectoration of blood
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| Late indicator of hypoxia | Cyanosis
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| Barrel chest d/t | Emphysema
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| PaCO r/t Hyperventilation | Decreased levels
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| Hyperventilation r/t Severe acidosis | Kussmaul's respiration
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| Alternating episodes of apnea w/periods of deep and shallow breathing | Cheyne-Stokes respiration
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| Wheezes d/t | Bronchial wall oscillation, Changes in airway diameter
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| Wheezes usually heard during | Expiration
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| More conclusive- ABG vs. Pulse oximetry | ABG
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| Pt cannot be discharged from recovery area until | Cough reflex & Respiratory status return
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