Conditions, Procedures and Vocabulary of the Lymphatic system
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| acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) | syndrome associated with suppression of the immune system and marked by opportunistic infections, secondary neoplasms, and neurologic problems.
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| allergy | abnormal hypersensitivity acquired by exposure to an antigen.
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| lymphoma | malignant tumor of lymph nodes and lymph tissue.
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| multiple myeloma | malignant tumor of bone marrow cells.
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| thymoma | malignant tumor of the thymus gland.
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| CD4+ cell count | measures the number of CD4+ cells (helper T cells) in the bloodstream of patients with AIDS.
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| ELISA | screening test to detect anti HIV antibodies in the bloodstream
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| acquired immunity | formation of antibodies and lymphocytes after exposure to an antigen
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| adenoids | masses of lymphatic tissue in the nasopharynx
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| antigen | substance that the body recognizes as foreign: evokes an immune response
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| axillary node | any of the 20-30 lymph nodes in the armpit
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| B cell | lymphocyte that originates in the bone marrow and transforms into a plasma cell to secrete antibodies
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| cell-mediated immunity | an immune response involving T-lymphocytes; antigens are destroyed by direct action of cells, as opposed to by antibodies
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| cervical node | one of many lymph nodes in the neck region
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| cytokine | protein made by T lymphocytes that aides in antigen destruction (interferons, interleukins, colony stimulating factors)
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| cytotoxic T cell | T lymphocyte that directly kills foreign cells
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| dendritic cell | cell that ingests antigens and presents them to T cells
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| helper T cell | Lymphocyte that aids B cells in recognizing antigens and stimulating antibody production (also called T4 cell or CD4+ cell)
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| humoral immunity | immune response in which B cells transform into plasma cells and secret antibodies
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| immune response | body's capacity to resist foreign organisms and toxins that can damage tissue and organs
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| immunoglobulins | antibodies (gamma globulins) that are secreted by plasma cells in humoral immunity.
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| immunotherapy | use of immunologic knowledge and techniques to treat or prevent disease (innoculation, vaccines)
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| inguinal node | one of several lymph nodes in the groin region
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| interferon | antiviral protein secreted by T cells; they also stimulate macrophages to ingest bacterial.
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| interleukins | proteins that stimulate the growth of B or T lymphocytes and activate specific components of the immune response
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| interstitial fluid | Fluid in the space between cells. This fluid becomes lymph when it enters lymph capillaries.
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| killer T cell | cytotoxic T cell lymphocyte that recognizes and destroys foreign cells (viruses and tumor cells).
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| lymph | thin, watery fluid within the lymphatic vessels and collected from tissues throughout the body.
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| lymph capillaries | tiniest lymphatic vessels.
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| lymphoid organs | lymph nodes, spleen, and thymus gland.
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| lymph node | stationary solid lymphatic tissue along lymph vessels
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| lymph vessel | carrier of lymph throughout the body; lymphatic vessels empty lymph into veins in the upper part of the chest.
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| macrophage | large phagocyte found in lymph nodes and other tissues of the body.
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| mediastinal node` | one of many lymph nodes in the area between the lungs in the thoracic cavity.
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| monoclonal antibody | antibody produces in a laboratory to attack antigens. it is useful in immunotherapy and cancer treatment.
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| natural immunity | an individual's own genetic ability to fight off disease.
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| plasma cell | lymphoid cell that secretes an antibody and originates from B lymphocytes.
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| right lymphatic duct | large lymphatic vessel in the chest that receives lymph from the upper right part of the body.
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| spleen | Organ near the stomach that produces, stores, and eliminates blood cells.
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| suppressor T cell | lymphocyte that inhibits the activity of B and T lymphocytes.
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| T cell | lymphocyte that originates in the bone marrow but matures in the thymus gland; it acts directly on antigens to destroy them or produce chemicals such as interferons and interleukins that are toxic to antigens
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| tolerance | in the thymus, T lymphocytes learn to recognize and accept the body's own antigens as "self" or friendly.
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| thoracic duct | large lymphatic vessel in the chest that receives lymph from below the diaphragm; it empties the lymph into veins in the upper chest
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| thymus gland | Organ in the mediastinim that produces T lymphocytes and aids in the immune response.
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| tonsils | masses of lymphatic tissue in the back of the oropharynx
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| toxin | poison; a protein produced by certain bacteria, animals, or plants.
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| vaccination | introduction of altered antigens (viruses or bacteria) to produce an immune response and protection against disease.
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| vaccine | weakened or killed microorganisms or toxins administered to induce immunity to infection or disease.
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| immunoelectrophoresis | Test that separates immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM, IgE, IgA, IgD).
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| viral load tests | Tests that measure the amount of AIDS virus (HIV) in the bloodstream.
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| computed tomography (CT) scan | X-ray imaging in the transverse plane produces cross sectional views of anatomic structures.
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