| Question |
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| Answer |
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| air pressure |
the force of air molecules pushing on an area |
| barometer |
any instrument tht measures air pressure |
| weather |
the condition of Earth's atmosphere at a particular time and place |
| wind |
air that moves horizontally or parallel to the ground |
| global winds |
winds that travel thousands of kilometers in steady patterns and last for weeks |
| Coriolis effect |
the influence of the earth's rotation on winds and other moving objects over the Earth |
| doldrums |
low pressure zone near the equator |
| horse latitudes |
high pressure zones located about 30 degrees north and 30 degrees south of the equator |
| trade winds |
blow from the east, moving from the horse latitudes toward the equator |
| westerlies |
blow from the west, moving from the horse latitudes toward the poles |
| easterlies |
blow from the east, moving from the polar regions toward the mid latitudes |
| stormy weather |
occurs when cold air of the easterlies meets the warmer air of the westerlies |
| westerlies |
bring storms across much of the US |
| horse latitudes |
causes weather to be clear and dry |
| jet streams |
usually lfow in the upper troposphere from west to east for thousands of kilometers |
| sea breeze |
caused by warmer air rising over the land during the day and cooler air blowing from the water |
| land breeze |
cooler air blows out from the land and warmer air rises over the water at night |
| winter monsoon |
occur in regions where the land cecomes much cooler than the sea during the winter |
| summer monsoon |
low pressure builds over the land and warm, moist air comes onto land |
| evaporation |
the process by which a liquid changes into a gas |
| energy |
what is needed for water to evaporate |
| condensation |
the process by which a gas, such as water vapor, changes into a liquid |
| condensation |
occurs when moist air cools |
| precipitation |
any type of liquid or solid water that falls to Earth's surface |
| humidity |
the amount of water vapor in the air |
| saturation |
a condition in which the rates of evaporation and condensation are equal |
| unsaturated air |
more water evaporates into the air than condenses back into the water |
| saturated air |
amount of water that evaporates equals the amount that condenses |
| relative humidity |
compares the amount of water vapor in air with the maximum amount of water vapor that can be present at that temperature |
| dew point |
the temperature at which air with a given amount of water vapor will reach saturation |
| clouds |
condensed water vapor |
| cirrus |
appear feathery and wispy |
| cirrus |
"curl of hair" |
| cumulus |
"heap" or "pile" |
| cumulus |
can grow very tall |
| stratus |
"spread out" |
| stratus |
form in flat layers |
| cirrus |
form in very cold air at high altitudes |
| cirrus |
made of ice crystals |
| cumulus |
fluffy white clouds with darker bases |
| cumulus |
look like cotton balls |
| cumulus |
if they continue to grow taller, they can produce a brief shower |
| cumulonimbus |
talles clouds and are called thunderheads, can produce heavy rainfall |
| stratus |
causes the sky to look gray |
| stratus |
produce steady light precipitation |
| fog |
a cloud that rests on the ground or body of water |
| fog |
a thick mist formed by water vapor in the air condenses as it cools |
| precipitation |
forms from water droplets or ice crystals |
| precipitation |
comes from clouds |
| precipitation |
formed through the combining of cloud droplets |
| precipitation |
form through the growth of ice crystals |
| rain guage |
used to measure precipitation |
| long ruler |
used to measure snow depth |
| rain or drizzle |
most common type of precipitation |
| raindrops |
form from liquid cloud droplets or from ice crystals taht melt as they fall |
| drizzle |
a light rain with very small drops |
| drizzle |
usually comes from stratus clouds |
| freezing rain |
raindrops frozen when they hit the ground or other surface |
| freezing rain |
covers surfaces with a coating of ice |
| sleet |
small pellets of ice that form when rain passes through a layer of cold air |
| snowflake |
have six sides or branches |
| snow |
formed as ice crystals grow and merge in clouds |
| hail |
largest type of frozen precipitation and ofen occurs in warm weather |
| hail |
lumps or balls of ice that fall from cumulonimbus clouds |
| acid rain |
rain that becomes more acidic than normal because of pollution |
| acid rain |
caused by factories, automobiles, natural sources of released sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides |
| air pressure |
decreases as you move higher in the atmosphere |
| winds |
blow from areas of high pressure toward areas of low pressure |
| Earht's rotation |
causes long distances wind to bend or curve |
Spanish 3
