6th grade Ch 16 Weather Patterns
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| air pressure | the force of air molecules pushing on an area | ||||
| barometer | any instrument tht measures air pressure | ||||
| weather | the condition of Earth's atmosphere at a particular time and place | ||||
| wind | air that moves horizontally or parallel to the ground | ||||
| global winds | winds that travel thousands of kilometers in steady patterns and last for weeks | ||||
| Coriolis effect | the influence of the earth's rotation on winds and other moving objects over the Earth | ||||
| doldrums | low pressure zone near the equator | ||||
| horse latitudes | high pressure zones located about 30 degrees north and 30 degrees south of the equator | ||||
| trade winds | blow from the east, moving from the horse latitudes toward the equator | ||||
| westerlies | blow from the west, moving from the horse latitudes toward the poles | ||||
| easterlies | blow from the east, moving from the polar regions toward the mid latitudes | ||||
| stormy weather | occurs when cold air of the easterlies meets the warmer air of the westerlies | ||||
| westerlies | bring storms across much of the US | ||||
| horse latitudes | causes weather to be clear and dry | ||||
| jet streams | usually lfow in the upper troposphere from west to east for thousands of kilometers | ||||
| sea breeze | caused by warmer air rising over the land during the day and cooler air blowing from the water | ||||
| land breeze | cooler air blows out from the land and warmer air rises over the water at night | ||||
| winter monsoon | occur in regions where the land cecomes much cooler than the sea during the winter | ||||
| summer monsoon | low pressure builds over the land and warm, moist air comes onto land | ||||
| evaporation | the process by which a liquid changes into a gas | ||||
| energy | what is needed for water to evaporate | ||||
| condensation | the process by which a gas, such as water vapor, changes into a liquid | ||||
| condensation | occurs when moist air cools | ||||
| precipitation | any type of liquid or solid water that falls to Earth's surface | ||||
| humidity | the amount of water vapor in the air | ||||
| saturation | a condition in which the rates of evaporation and condensation are equal | ||||
| unsaturated air | more water evaporates into the air than condenses back into the water | ||||
| saturated air | amount of water that evaporates equals the amount that condenses | ||||
| relative humidity | compares the amount of water vapor in air with the maximum amount of water vapor that can be present at that temperature | ||||
| dew point | the temperature at which air with a given amount of water vapor will reach saturation | ||||
| clouds | condensed water vapor | ||||
| cirrus | appear feathery and wispy | ||||
| cirrus | "curl of hair" | ||||
| cumulus | "heap" or "pile" | ||||
| cumulus | can grow very tall | ||||
| stratus | "spread out" | ||||
| stratus | form in flat layers | ||||
| cirrus | form in very cold air at high altitudes | ||||
| cirrus | made of ice crystals | ||||
| cumulus | fluffy white clouds with darker bases | ||||
| cumulus | look like cotton balls | ||||
| cumulus | if they continue to grow taller, they can produce a brief shower | ||||
| cumulonimbus | talles clouds and are called thunderheads, can produce heavy rainfall | ||||
| stratus | causes the sky to look gray | ||||
| stratus | produce steady light precipitation | ||||
| fog | a cloud that rests on the ground or body of water | ||||
| fog | a thick mist formed by water vapor in the air condenses as it cools | ||||
| precipitation | forms from water droplets or ice crystals | ||||
| precipitation | comes from clouds | ||||
| precipitation | formed through the combining of cloud droplets | ||||
| precipitation | form through the growth of ice crystals | ||||
| rain guage | used to measure precipitation | ||||
| long ruler | used to measure snow depth | ||||
| rain or drizzle | most common type of precipitation | ||||
| raindrops | form from liquid cloud droplets or from ice crystals taht melt as they fall | ||||
| drizzle | a light rain with very small drops | ||||
| drizzle | usually comes from stratus clouds | ||||
| freezing rain | raindrops frozen when they hit the ground or other surface | ||||
| freezing rain | covers surfaces with a coating of ice | ||||
| sleet | small pellets of ice that form when rain passes through a layer of cold air | ||||
| snowflake | have six sides or branches | ||||
| snow | formed as ice crystals grow and merge in clouds | ||||
| hail | largest type of frozen precipitation and ofen occurs in warm weather | ||||
| hail | lumps or balls of ice that fall from cumulonimbus clouds | ||||
| acid rain | rain that becomes more acidic than normal because of pollution | ||||
| acid rain | caused by factories, automobiles, natural sources of released sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides | ||||
| air pressure | decreases as you move higher in the atmosphere | ||||
| winds | blow from areas of high pressure toward areas of low pressure | ||||
| Earht's rotation | causes long distances wind to bend or curve |
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Created by:
fhershey
on 2008-02-09