IU MED TERM Chap 8 Terms & Meanings
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| diaphoresis | profuse sweating
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| incompetent | inability to adequately perform a given function or action
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| leaflet | thin flattened structure; term used to describe the leaf-shaped structures that compose a heart valve
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| lumen | tubular space or channel within any organ or structure of the body; space within and artery, vein, intestine, or tube
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| malaise | vague, uneasy feeling of body weakness, distress, or discomfort, commonly marking the onset of and persisting throughout a disease
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| occlusion | blockage in a canal, vessel, or passage of the body; the state of being closed
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| patent | open and unblocked, such as a patent artery
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| prophylaxis | preventive measure or technique commonly involving the use of a biologic, chemical, or mechanical agent to destroy or prevent the entry of infectious organisms
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| viscosity | state of being sticky or gummy
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| aneurysm | localized abnormal dilation of a vessel, usually an artery
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| arrest | condition of being stopped or bringing to a stop
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| cardiac arrest | loss of effective cardiac function, which results in cessation of circulation
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| circulatory arrest | cessation of the circulation of blood due to ventricular or fibrillation
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| arrhythmia | inability of the heart to maintain a steady rythm, possibly including a rapid or slow beat or "skipping" a beat
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| bruit | soft blowing sound heard on auscultation, possibly due to vibrations associated with the movement of blood, valvular action, or both; also called murmur
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| cardiomyopathy | any disease of heart muscle that diminishes cardiac function
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| catheter | thin, flexible, hollow plastic tube that is small enough to be threaded through a vein, artery, or tubular structure
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| coarctation | narrowing of a vessel, especially the aorta
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| heart failure | failure of the heart to supply an adequate amount of blood to tissues and organs
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| embolus | mass of undissolved matter (foreign obgect, air, gas, tissue, thrombus) circulating in blood or lymphatic channels until it becomes lodged in a vessel
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| fibrillation | quivering or spontaneous muscle contractions, especially of the heart, causing ineffectual contractions
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| hemostasis | arrest of bleeding or circulation
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| hyperlipidemia | excessive amounts of lipids (cholesterol, phospholipids, and triglycerides) in the blood
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| hypertension | common disorder chracterized by elevated blood pressure persistently exceeding 140 mm Hg systolic or 90 mm Hg diastolic
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| primary hypertension | hypertension in which their is no indentifiable cause; also called essential hypertension
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| secondary hypertension | hypertension that results from an underlying, identifiable, commonly correctable cause
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| hypertensive heart disease | any heart disorder caused by prolonged hypertension, including left ventricular hypertrophy, coronary artery disease, cardiac arrhyhmias, and heart failure
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| implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) | implantable battery-powered device that monitors and, if necessary, corrects an irregular heart rhythm by sending impulses to the heart
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| infarct | area of tissue that undergoes necrosis following cessation of blood supply
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| ischemia | local and temporary deficiency of blood supply due to circulatory obstruction
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| mitral valve prolapse | common and occasionally serious condition in which the leaflets of the mitral valve prolapse into the left atrium during systole causing a characteristic murmur heard on auscultation
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| radioisotope | chemical radioactive substance used as a tracer to follow a substance through the body or structure
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| palpitation | sensation that the heart is not beating normally, possibly including "thumping," "fluttering," "skipped beats," or a pounding feeling in the chest
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| patent ductus arteriosus | failure of the ductus arteriosus to close after birth, allowing blood to flow from the aorta into the pulmonary (lung) artery
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| perfusion | circulation of blood through tissues or the passage of fluids through vessels of an organ
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| tetralogy of Fallot | congenital anomaly with 4 elem: 1-pulmonary artery stenosis 2-interventricular septal defect 3-transposition of aorta both ventricles empty into aorta 4-rht ventricular hypertrophy by more work of rht ventricle
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| stent | slender or threadlike device used to hold open vessels, tubes, or an obstructed artery
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| Stokes-Adams syndrome | altered state of consciousness or fainting due to decreased blood flow to the brain caused by prolonged asystole (absence of muscular contraction of the heart)
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| thrombus | blood clot that obstructs a vessel
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