IU MED TERM Chap 10 Terms & Def
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| ankylosis | stiffening and immobility of a joint as a result of disease, trauma, surgery, or abnormal bone fusion
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| carpal tunnel syndrome | painful condition resulting from compression of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel (wrist canal through which the flexor tendons and the median nerve pass)
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| claudication | lameness, limping
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| contracture | fibrosis of connective tissue in skin, fascia, muscle, or joint capsule that prevents normal mobility of the related tissue or joint
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| crepitation | dry, grating sound or sesation caused by bone ends rubbing together, indicating a fracture or joint destruction
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| electromyography | use of electrical stimulation to record the strength of muscle contraction
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| exacerbation | increase in severity of a disease or of any of its symptoms
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| ganglion cyst | tumor of tendon sheath or joint capsule, commonly found in the wrist
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| hypotonia | loss of muscular tone or a diminished resistance to passive stretching
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| hemarthrosis | effusion of blood into a joint caity
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| multiple myeloma | primary malignant tumor that infiltrates the bone and red bone marrow
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| osteophyte | bony outgrowth that occasionally develops on the vertebra and may exert pressure on the spinal cord
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| phantom limb | perceived sensation, following amputation of a limb, that the limb still exists
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| prosthesis | replacement of a misssing part by an artificial substitute, such as an artificial extremity
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| rickets, rachitis | form of osteomalacia in children caused by vitamin D deficiency
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| sequestrum | fragment of necrosed bone that has become separated from surrounding tissue
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| spondylolisthesis | any forward slipping (subluxation) of a vertebra over the one below it
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| spondylosis | degeneration of the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae and related tissues
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| sprain | tearing of ligament tissue that may be slight, moderate, or complete
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| strain | to exert physical force in a manner that may result in injury, usually muscular
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| subluxation | partial or incomplete dislocation
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| arthrography | series of radiographs taken after injection of a radiopaque substance into a joint cavity, especially the knee or shoulder to outline the contour of the joint
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| computed tomography (CT) scan | imaging technique achieved by rotating an x-ray emitter around the area to be scanned and measuring the intensity of transmitted rays from different angles; formerly called computerized axial tomography
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| dual energy x-ray absorptiometry | technique to measure bone density for purpsoes of diagnosis and management of osteoporosis
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| lumbosacral spinal radiography (LS spine) | radiography of the five lumbar vertebrae and the fused sacral vertebrae, including anteroposterior, lateral, and oblique views of the lower spine
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| myelography | radiography of the spinal cord after injection of a contrast medium to identify and study spinal distortions caused by tumors, cysts, herniated intervertebral disks, or other lesions
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| closed reductions | manual correction of fractures without incision
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| casting | application of a solid, stiff dressing formed with plaster of Paris or other material to a body part to immobilize it during the healing process
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| splinting | use of an orthopedic device to an injured body part for immobilization, stabilization, and protection during the healing process
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| traction | using weights and pulleys to align or immobilize a fracture and facilitate the healing process
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| amputation | partial or complete removal of a limb
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| arthrocentesis | puncture of a joint space to remove accumulated fluid
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| arthroclasia | surgical breaking of an anklosed joint to provide movement
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| arthroscopy | visual examination of a joint, especially the knee; used primarily to detect trauma or lesions and to obtain a biopsy of synovial tissue for microscopic examination
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| bursectomy | excision of bursa (padlike sac or cavity found in connective tissue, usually in the vicinity of joints)
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| bone grafting | implanting or transplanting bone tissue from another part of the body or from another person to serve as replacement for damaged or missing bone tissue
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| laminectomy | excision of the posterior arch of a vertebra
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| open reduction | treatment of bone fractures using surgery to place the bones in proper position
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| sequestrectomy | excision of a sequestrum (segment of necrosed bone)
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| synovectomty | excision of a synovial membrane
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