Epiglottitis and bacterial tracheitis- Dugan- 1/9/13
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Epiglottitis | Bacterial cellulitis of the epiglottis and surpraglottis tissue
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Clinical manifestations of epiglottitis | Difficulty breathing, high fever, sore throat, pain on swallowing, stridor, rapidly progressing, tripoding
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A lateral neck film with a "thumb sign" should indicate | Epiglottitis
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Most common etiologic agent for epiglottitis | H. Influenzae
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Little bacteria guys in pairs is indicative of | S. pneumoniae
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Little bacteria guys hanging out in colonies is indicative of | H. Influenzae
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H. Influenza is antiphagocytic because of | Polysaccharide capsule
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IgA protease in H. influenza helps it | Invade
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Nontypable strains do not respond to the Hib vaccine because | They lack a capsule
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Treatment of epiglottitis is | 3rd gen cephalosporin (ceftriaxone)
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Epiglottitis is extremely reduced due to the | Hib vaccine
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A conjugate vaccination produces | Tcell memory and immune-specific IgG
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A T cell independent vaccine produces | No memory and IgM
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Bacterial tracheitis is also referred to as | Pseudomembranous Croup
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Bacterial tracheitis is found mostly in ages | 6 months-8 years old
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Clinical presentation of bacterial tracheitis | Acute onset, high fever, respiratory distress, no pain on swallowing, do no respond to LTB therapy (racemic epinephrine and dexamethasone)
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A steeple sign is indicative of | Croup
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Most common cause of bacterial tracheitis | Staph aureus
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Treatment for bacterial tracheitis | Clindomycin or Vancomycin and a Cephalosporin, intubation, suction
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Extubate patient when? | After 3-7 days
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Lateral view xray for bacterial tracheitis appears | Hazy with intraluminal soft tissue irregularities
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